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As shown by recent studies, machine intelligence-enabled systems are vulnerable to test cases resulting from either adversarial manipulation or natural distribution shifts. This has raised great concerns about deploying machine learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Chejian Xu , Wenhao Ding , Weijie Lyu , Zuxin Liu , Shuai Wang , Yihan He , Hanjiang Hu , Ding Zhao , Bo Li

Reliable collision avoidance under extreme situations remains a critical challenge for autonomous vehicles. While large language models (LLMs) offer promising reasoning capabilities, their application in safety-critical evasive maneuvers is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shiyue Zhao , Junzhi Zhang , Neda Masoud , Heye Huang , Xiaohui Hou , Chengkun He

Planning allows an agent to safely refine its actions before executing them in the real world. In autonomous driving, this is crucial to avoid collisions and navigate in complex, dense traffic scenarios. One way to plan is to search for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Asen Nachkov , Jan-Nico Zaech , Danda Pani Paudel , Xi Wang , Luc Van Gool

This paper presents a method for testing the decision making systems of autonomous vehicles. Our approach involves perturbing stochastic elements in the vehicle's environment until the vehicle is involved in a collision. Instead of applying…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Mark Koren , Saud Alsaif , Ritchie Lee , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Stress testing is an approach for evaluating the reliability of systems under extreme conditions which help reveal vulnerable scenarios that standard testing may overlook. Identifying such scenarios is of great importance in autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Linh Trinh , Quang-Hung Luu , Thai M. Nguyen , Hai L. Vu

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) can significantly promote the advances in road transport mobility in terms of safety, reliability, and decarbonization. However, ensuring safety and efficiency in interactive during within dynamic and diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Zhen Tian , Zhihao Lin , Dezong Zhao , Wenjing Zhao , David Flynn , Shuja Ansari , Chongfeng Wei

Automated Vehicles require exhaustive testing in simulation to detect as many safety-critical failures as possible before deployment on public roads. In this work, we focus on the core decision-making component of autonomous robots: their…

Simulation-based testing represents an important step to ensure the reliability of autonomous driving software. In practice, when companies rely on third-party general-purpose simulators, either for in-house or outsourced testing, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Matteo Biagiola , Andrea Stocco , Vincenzo Riccio , Paolo Tonella

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has made significant progress in the last years. An essential aspect in the development of AVs is the assessment of quality and performance aspects of the AVs, such as safety, comfort, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Erwin de Gelder , Olaf Op den Camp

Automated vehicles (AVs) must be evaluated thoroughly before their release and deployment. A widely-used evaluation approach is the Naturalistic-Field Operational Test (N-FOT), which tests prototype vehicles directly on the public roads.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Ding Zhao , Henry Lam , Huei Peng , Shan Bao , David J. LeBlanc , Kazutoshi Nobukawa , Christopher S. Pan

During the development of autonomous systems such as driverless cars, it is important to characterize the scenarios that are most likely to result in failure. Adaptive Stress Testing (AST) provides a way to search for the most-likely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Mark Koren , Mykel Kochenderfer

Autonomous vehicle safety is crucial for the successful deployment of self-driving cars. However, most existing planning methods rely heavily on imitation learning, which limits their ability to leverage collision data effectively.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Zi Wang , Shiyi Lan , Xinglong Sun , Nadine Chang , Zhenxin Li , Zhiding Yu , Jose M. Alvarez

Extracting interesting scenarios from real-world data as well as generating failure cases is important for the development and testing of autonomous systems. We propose efficient mechanisms to both characterize and generate testing…

The autonomous car technology promises to replace human drivers with safer driving systems. But although autonomous cars can become safer than human drivers this is a long process that is going to be refined over time. Before these vehicles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Thomio Watanabe , Denis Wolf

To date, hundreds of crashes have occurred in open road testing of automated vehicles (AVs), highlighting the need for improving AV reliability and safety. Pre-crash scenario typology classifies crashes based on vehicle dynamics and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yixuan Li , Xuesong Wang , Tianyi Wang , Qian Liu

Evaluating the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires diverse, safety-critical scenarios, with collisions being especially important yet rare and unsafe to collect in the real world. Therefore, the community has been focusing on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Pin-Lun Chen , Chi-Hsi Kung , Che-Han Chang , Wei-Chen Chiu , Yi-Ting Chen

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to the development of motion planning algorithms, which form a cornerstone of the autonomous driving system (ADS). Nonetheless, acquiring an interactive and secure trajectory for the ADS…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yingbing Chen , Jie Cheng , Lu Gan , Sheng Wang , Hongji Liu , Xiaodong Mei , Ming Liu

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Advanced Driving Systems (ADS) are key to improving road safety, yet most existing implementations focus primarily on the vehicle ahead, neglecting the behavior of following vehicles. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Dianwei Chen , Yaobang Gong , Xianfeng Yang

Despite extensive research, the testing of autonomous driving systems (ADS) landscape remains fragmented, and there is currently no basis for an informed technical assessment of the importance and contribution of the current state of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Changwen Li , Joseph Sifakis , Rongjie Yan , Jian Zhang

This work in progress considers reachability-based safety analysis in the domain of autonomous driving in multi-agent systems. We formulate the safety problem for a car following scenario as a differential game and study how different…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-30 Gilbert Bahati , Marsalis Gibson , Alexandre Bayen