English
Related papers

Related papers: Complexity and Misspecification

200 papers

How to estimate heterogeneity, e.g. the effect of some variable differing across observations, is a key question in political science. Methods for doing so make simplifying assumptions about the underlying nature of the heterogeneity to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-31 Max Goplerud

Machine learning algorithms are everywhere, ranging from simple data analysis and pattern recognition tools used across the sciences to complex systems that achieve super-human performance on various tasks. Ensuring that they are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Philip S. Thomas , Bruno Castro da Silva , Andrew G. Barto , Emma Brunskill

Optimization of product performance repetitively introduces the need to make products adaptive in a more general sense. This more general idea is often captured under the term 'self-configuration'. Despite the importance of such capability,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Aleksander Lodwich

We introduce Complexity as Advantage (CAA), a framework that defines the complexity of a system relative to a family of observers. Instead of measuring complexity as an intrinsic property, we evaluate how much predictive regret a system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Oshri Naparstek

This paper addresses the challenge of model uncertainty in quantitative finance, where decisions in portfolio allocation, derivative pricing, and risk management rely on estimating stochastic models from limited data. In practice, the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-10 Hans Buehler , Blanka Horvath , Yannick Limmer , Thorsten Schmidt

Inferring from inconsistency and making decisions are two problems which have always been treated separately by researchers in Artificial Intelligence. Consequently, different models have been proposed for each category. Different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Leila Amgoud

Modeling biological processes is a highly demanding task because not all processes are fully understood. Mathematical models allow us to test hypotheses about possible mechanisms of biological processes. The mathematical mechanisms…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-11 Cordula Reisch , Hannah Burmester

In recent years, bilevel approaches have become very popular to efficiently estimate high-dimensional hyperparameters of machine learning models. However, to date, binary parameters are handled by continuous relaxation and rounding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Sara Venturini , Marianna de Santis , Jordan Patracone , Francesco Rinaldi , Saverio Salzo , Martin Schmidt

Single-agent dynamic discrete choice models are typically estimated using heavily parametrized econometric frameworks, making them susceptible to model misspecification. This paper investigates how misspecification affects the results of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-08 Federico A. Bugni , Takuya Ura

Fair machine learning (ML) methods help identify and mitigate the risk that algorithms encode or automate social injustices. Algorithmic approaches alone cannot resolve structural inequalities, but they can support socio-technical decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Michelle Seng Ah Lee , Kirtan Padh , David Watson , Niki Kilbertus , Jatinder Singh

Motion Planning under uncertainty is critical for safe self-driving. In this paper, we propose a unified obstacle avoidance framework that deals with 1) uncertainty in ego-vehicle motion; and 2) prediction uncertainty of dynamic obstacles…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Shivesh Khaitan , Qin Lin , John M. Dolan

While generalizing well over natural inputs, neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial inputs. Existing defenses against adversarial inputs have largely been detached from the real world. These defenses also come at a cost to accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Varun Chandrasekaran , Brian Tang , Nicolas Papernot , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha , Xi Wu

As automatic optimization techniques find their way into industrial applications, the behavior of many complex systems is determined by some form of planner picking the right actions to optimize a given objective function. In many cases,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Thomas Gabor , Lenz Belzner , Thomy Phan , Kyrill Schmid

The study of model bias and variance with respect to decision boundaries is critically important in supervised classification. There is generally a tradeoff between the two, as fine-tuning of the decision boundary of a classification model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Matthew Almeida , Wei Ding , Scott Crouter , Ping Chen

While data-driven predictive models are a strictly technological construct, they may operate within a social context in which benign engineering choices entail implicit, indirect and unexpected real-life consequences. Fairness of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Kacper Sokol , Meelis Kull , Jeffrey Chan , Flora Salim

This article introduces a framework for evaluating statistical decisions under both prior ambiguity and likelihood misspecification. We begin with an ambiguity set - a frequentist model that pairs a possibly misspecified likelihood with…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-14 Karun Adusumilli

Diversification represents the idea of choosing variety over uniformity. Within the theory of choice, desirability of diversification is axiomatized as preference for a convex combination of choices that are equivalently ranked. This…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2016-10-07 Enrico G. De Giorgi , Ola Mahmoud

Frailty models are essential tools in survival analysis for addressing unobserved heterogeneity and random effects in the data. These models incorporate a random effect, the frailty, which is assumed to impact the hazard rate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Jorge Yslas

We consider estimation under model misspecification where there is a model mismatch between the underlying system, which generates the data, and the model used during estimation. We propose a model misspecification framework which enables a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-22 Martin Hellkvist , Ayça Özçelikkale , Anders Ahlén

When the cost of misclassifying a sample is high, it is useful to have an accurate estimate of uncertainty in the prediction for that sample. There are also multiple types of uncertainty which are best estimated in different ways, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Richard Harang , Ethan M. Rudd