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Neural audio codecs (NACs), which use neural networks to generate compact audio representations, have garnered interest for their applicability to many downstream tasks -- especially quantized codecs due to their compatibility with large…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-13 Ryo Aihara , Yoshiki Masuyama , Gordon Wichern , François G. Germain , Jonathan Le Roux

Neural audio codecs have recently gained popularity because they can represent audio signals with high fidelity at very low bitrates, making it feasible to use language modeling approaches for audio generation and understanding. Residual…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Hubert Siuzdak , Florian Grötschla , Luca A. Lanzendörfer

Neural audio coding has emerged as a vivid research direction by promising good audio quality at very low bitrates unachievable by classical coding techniques. Here, end-to-end trainable autoencoder-like models represent the state of the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Andreas Brendel , Nicola Pia , Kishan Gupta , Lyonel Behringer , Guillaume Fuchs , Markus Multrus

Neural audio codecs (NACs) provide compact latent speech representations in the form of sequences of continuous vectors or discrete tokens. In this work, we investigate how these two types of speech representations compare when used as…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sofiene Kammoun , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Simon Leglaive

Recently, deep learning has been exploited in many fields with revolutionary breakthroughs. In the light of this, deep learning-assisted communication systems have also attracted much attention in recent years and have potential to break…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Chieh-Fang Teng , Han-Mo Ou , An-Yeu Wu

Neural Audio Codecs (NACs) have become increasingly adopted in speech processing tasks due to their excellent rate-distortion performance and compatibility with Large Language Models (LLMs) as discrete feature representations for audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Harry Julian , Rachel Beeson , Lohith Konathala , Johanna Ulin , Jiameng Gao

Neural codecs, comprising an encoder, quantizer, and decoder, enable signal transmission at exceptionally low bitrates. Training these systems requires techniques like the straight-through estimator, soft-to-hard annealing, or statistical…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-10 Wolfgang Mack , Ahmed Mustafa , Rafał Łaganowski , Samer Hijazy

Neural audio codecs (NACs) have made significant advancements in recent years and are rapidly being adopted in many audio processing pipelines. However, they can introduce audio distortions which degrade speaker verification (SV)…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Nirmalya Mallick Thakur , Jia Qi Yip , Eng Siong Chng

This paper applies energy conservation principles to the Daala video codec using gain-shape vector quantization to encode a vector of AC coefficients as a length (gain) and direction (shape). The technique originates from the CELT mode of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-02-29 Jean-Marc Valin , Timothy B. Terriberry

Built upon vector quantization (VQ), discrete audio codec models have achieved great success in audio compression and auto-regressive audio generation. However, existing models face substantial challenges in perceptual quality and signal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Zhikang Niu , Sanyuan Chen , Long Zhou , Ziyang Ma , Xie Chen , Shujie Liu

Audio denoising is critical in signal processing, enhancing intelligibility and fidelity for applications like restoring musical recordings. This paper presents a proof-of-concept for adapting a state-of-the-art neural audio codec, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Daniel Jimon , Mircea Vaida , Adriana Stan

Recent advancements in Neural Audio Codec (NAC) models have inspired their use in various speech processing tasks, including speech enhancement (SE). In this work, we propose a novel, efficient SE approach by leveraging the pre-quantization…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Haoyang Li , Jia Qi Yip , Tianyu Fan , Eng Siong Chng

Neural audio codecs (NACs) provide compact representations that can be leveraged in many downstream applications, in particular large language models. Yet most NACs encode mixtures of multiple sources in an entangled manner, which may…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Ryo Aihara , Yoshiki Masuyama , Francesco Paissan , François G. Germain , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

We present a scalable and efficient neural waveform coding system for speech compression. We formulate the speech coding problem as an autoencoding task, where a convolutional neural network (CNN) performs encoding and decoding as a neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Kai Zhen , Jongmo Sung , Mi Suk Lee , Seungkwon Beak , Minje Kim

Audio codecs are typically transform-domain based and efficiently code stationary audio signals, but they struggle with speech and signals containing dense transient events such as applause. Specifically, with these two classes of signals…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-28 Arijit Biswas , Dai Jia

Neural audio codecs (NACs) achieve low-bitrate compression by learning compact audio representations, which can also serve as features for perceptual quality evaluation. We introduce DACe, an enhanced, higher-fidelity version of the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Arijit Biswas , Lars Villemoes

Neural speech codecs aim to compress input signals into minimal bits while maintaining content quality in a low-latency manner. However, existing neural codecs often trade model complexity for reconstruction performance. These codecs…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yuzhe Gu , Enmao Diao

Neural audio compression has emerged as a promising technology for efficiently representing speech, music, and general audio. However, existing methods suffer from significant performance degradation at limited bitrates, where the available…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jin Wang , Wenbin Jiang , Xiangbo Wang , Yubo You , Sheng Fang

Audio coding is an essential module in the real-time communication system. Neural audio codecs can compress audio samples with a low bitrate due to the strong modeling and generative capabilities of deep neural networks. To address the poor…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Wenzhe Liu , Wei Xiao , Meng Wang , Shan Yang , Yupeng Shi , Yuyong Kang , Dan Su , Shidong Shang , Dong Yu
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