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Urban land cover doubled between 1985 and 2015, yet the spatial dynamics of urban form remain under-quantified, despite its importance for sustainability, infrastructure planning, and climate risk. Urban expansion is a non-equilibrium…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-10 Marc Barthelemy , Ulysse Marquis

Traffic congestion in big cities has been proven to be a difficult problem with suboptimal effects in terms of driver delay and frustration, cost, and impact on the environment. In principle, many transportation networks lack a unified…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-09-08 A. Georgantas , C. Menelaou , C. G. Panayiotou

Accessibility, defined as travel impedance between spatially dispersed opportunities for activity, is one of the main determinants of public transport use. In-depth understanding of its properties is crucial for optimal public transport…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-24 Tina Šfiligoj , Aljoša Peperko , Oded Cats

We study the problem of computing all Pareto-optimal journeys in a public transit network regarding the two criteria of arrival time and number of transfers taken. In recent years, great advances have been made in making public transit…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Sascha Witt

Bikesharing schemes are transportation systems that not only provide an efficient mode of transportation in congested urban areas, but also improve last-mile connectivity with public transportation and local accessibility. Bikesharing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Fernando Munoz-Mendez , Konstantin Klemmer , Ke Han , Stephen Jarvis

The estimation of pedestrian traffic in urban areas is often performed with computationally intensive microscopic models that usually suffer from scalability issues in large-scale footpath networks. In this study, we present a new…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Tanapon Lilasathapornkit , David Rey , Wei Liu , Meead Saberi

Assigning passenger trips to specific network paths using automatic fare collection (AFC) data is a fundamental application in urban transit analysis. The task is a difficult inverse problem: the only available information consists of each…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-31 Xiaoxu Chen , Alexandra M. Schmidt , Zhenliang Ma , Lijun Sun

In the governance of the shared mobility market of a city or of a metropolitan area, there are two conflicting principles: 1) the healthy competition between multiple platforms, such as between Uber and Lyft in the United States, and 2)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Xiaotong Guo , Ao Qu , Hongmou Zhang , Peyman Noursalehi , Jinhua Zhao

We present results of a survey of public transport networks (PTNs) of selected 14 major cities of the world with PTN sizes ranging between 2000 and 46000 stations and develop an evolutionary model of these networks. The structure of these…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-04-03 C. von Ferber , T. Holovatch , Yu. Holovatch , V. Palchykov

Cities play different roles depending on their location within the transport network. Two cities of similar size might have distinct characteristics if one is located on a corridor between two capitals and the other is near a barrier, such…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-10-26 Rafael Prieto Curiel , Abel Schumann , Inhoi Heo , Philipp Heinrigs

We propose here a methodology to help to understand the shortcomings of public transportation in a city via the mining of complex networks representing the supply and demand of public transport. We show how to build these networks based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Carlos Caminha , Vasco Furtado , Vládia Pinheiro , Caio Ponte

The behaviour of complex networks under failure or attack depends strongly on the specific scenario. Of special interest are scale-free networks, which are usually seen as robust under random failure but appear to be especially vulnerable…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-09-25 Bertrand Berche , Christian von Ferber , Taras Holovatch , Yurij Holovatch

Rural and urban areas exhibit distinct mobility patterns, yet a systematic understanding of how these trends differ across regions and contexts remains underexplored. By using origin-destination matrices from Location-Based Services data in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-04 Nandini Iyer , Massimiliano Luca , Riccardo Di Clemente

The spatial heterogeneity of cities -- the uneven distribution of population and activities -- is fundamental to urban dynamics and related to critical issues such as infrastructure overload, housing affordability, and social inequality.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-14 Hao Huang , Yuming Lin , Jiazhen Liu

Traffic assignment analyzes traffic flows in road networks that emerge due to traveler interaction. Traditionally, travelers are assumed to use private cars, so road costs grow with the number of users due to congestion. However, in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Thomas Bläsius , Adrian Feilhauer , Markus Jung , Moritz Laupichler , Peter Sanders , Michael Zündorf

Last-mile logistics is regarded as an essential yet highly expensive component of parcel logistics. In dense urban environments, this is partially caused by inherent inefficiencies due to traffic congestion and the disparity and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Louis Faugère , Walid Klibi , Chelsea White , Benoit Montreuil

This study evaluates the accessibility of public EV charging stations in the Washington metropolitan area using a comprehensive measure that accounts for both destination-based and en route charging opportunities. By incorporating the full…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-09-16 Asal Mehditabrizi , Behnam Tahmasbi , Saeed Saleh Namadi , Cinzia Cirillo

Traffic Jam has been a daily problem for people in Jakarta which is one of the busiest city in Indonesia up until now. Even though the official government has tried to reduce the impact of traffic issues by developing a new public…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Kenny Supangat , Yustinus Eko Soelistio

The growth of urban areas intensifies the need for sustainable, efficient transportation infrastructure and mobility systems, driving initiatives to enhance infrastructure and public transit while reducing traffic congestion and emissions.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-17 Oluwaleke Yusuf , Adil Rasheed , Frank Lindseth

The discovery of spatio-temporal dependencies within urban road networks that cause Recurrent Congestion (RC) patterns is crucial for numerous real-world applications, including urban planning and scheduling of public transportation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Nicolas Tempelmeier , Udo Feuerhake , Oskar Wage , Elena Demidova