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One main challenge in time series anomaly detection for industrial IoT lies in the complex spatio-temporal couplings within multivariate data. However, traditional anomaly detection methods focus on modeling spatial or temporal dependencies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Tao Yin , Xiaohong Zhang , Shaochen Fu , Zhibin Zhang , Li Huang , Yiyuan Yang , Kaixiang Yang , Meng Yan

We continue to develop our neural network (NN) based forecasting approach to anomaly detection (AD) using the Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) industrial control system (ICS) testbed dataset. We propose genetic algorithms (GA) to find the best…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Dmitry Shalyga , Pavel Filonov , Andrey Lavrentyev

In the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are exposed to various kinds of attacks when connected to the Internet. An attack detection mechanism that understands the limitations of these severely resource-constrained devices is necessary. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Nidhi Rastogi , James Hendler

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has introduced critical security challenges, underscoring the need for accurate anomaly detection. Although numerous studies have proposed machine learning (ML) methods for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Mohammed Al-Qudah , Fadi AlMahamid

We introduce a data-driven anomaly detection framework using a manufacturing dataset collected from a factory assembly line. Given heterogeneous time series data consisting of operation cycle signals and sensor signals, we aim at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Kyeong-Joong Jeong , Jin-Duk Park , Kyusoon Hwang , Seong-Lyun Kim , Won-Yong Shin

The integrity of time in distributed Internet of Things (IoT) devices is crucial for reliable operation in energy cyber-physical systems, such as smart grids and microgrids. However, IoT systems are vulnerable to clock drift,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Saeid Jamshidi , Omar Abdul Wahab , Rolando Herrero , Foutse Khomh

Most real-world IoT data analysis tasks, such as clustering and anomaly event detection, are unsupervised and highly susceptible to the presence of outliers. In addition to sporadic scattered outliers caused by factors such as faulty sensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yiqun Zhang , Zexi Tan , Xiaopeng Luo , Yunlin Liu

Anomaly detection (AD) is a crucial machine learning task that aims to learn patterns from a set of normal training samples to identify abnormal samples in test data. Most existing AD studies assume that the training and test data are drawn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tri Cao , Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

When dealing with the Internet of Things (IoT), especially industrial IoT (IIoT), two manifest challenges leap to mind. First is the massive amount of data streaming to and from IoT devices, and second is the fast pace at which these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Maede Zolanvari , Ali Ghubaish , Raj Jain

Although AI-based models have achieved high accuracy in IoT threat detection, their deployment in enterprise environments is constrained by reliance on stationary datasets that fail to reflect the dynamic nature of real-world IoT NetFlow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Hassan Wasswa , Timothy Lynar

Smart home IoT systems and devices are susceptible to attacks and malfunctions. As a result, users' concerns about their security and safety issues arise along with the prevalence of smart home deployments. In a smart home, various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Chenxu Jiang , Chenglong Fu , Zhenyu Zhao , Xiaojiang Du , Yuede Ji

After decades of research, the Internet of Things (IoT) is finally permeating real-life and helps improve the efficiency of infrastructures and processes as well as our health. As a massive number of IoT devices are deployed, they naturally…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Gregor Cerar , Halil Yetgin , Blaž Bertalanič , Carolina Fortuna

Interconnectivity of production machines is a key feature of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). This feature allows for many advantages in producing. Configuration and maintenance gets easier, as access to the given production unit…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Simon Duque Anton , Daniel Fraunholz , Janis Zemitis , Frederic Pohl , Hans Dieter Schotten

During the operation of industrial robots, unusual events may endanger the safety of humans and the quality of production. When collecting data to detect such cases, it is not ensured that data from all potentially occurring errors is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jan Thieß Brockmann , Marco Rudolph , Bodo Rosenhahn , Bastian Wandt

Deep topological data analysis (TDA) offers a principled framework for capturing structural invariants such as connectivity and cycles that persist across scales, making it a natural fit for anomaly segmentation (AS). Unlike thresholdbased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Ali Zia , Usman Ali , Umer Ramzan , Abdul Rehman , Abdelwahed Khamis , Wei Xiang

Analyzing the distribution shift of data is a growing research direction in nowadays Machine Learning (ML), leading to emerging new benchmarks that focus on providing a suitable scenario for studying the generalization properties of ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Marius Dragoi , Elena Burceanu , Emanuela Haller , Andrei Manolache , Florin Brad

Despite the prevalence of reconstruction-based deep learning methods, time series anomaly detection remains a tremendous challenge. Existing approaches often struggle with limited temporal contexts, insufficient representation of normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Zhijie Zhong , Zhiwen Yu , Xing Xi , Yue Xu , Wenming Cao , Yiyuan Yang , Kaixiang Yang , Jane You

The number of connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices within cyber-physical infrastructure systems grows at an increasing rate. This poses significant device management and security challenges to current IoT networks. Among several…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Milos Savic , Milan Lukic , Dragan Danilovic , Zarko Bodroski , Dragana Bajovic , Ivan Mezei , Dejan Vukobratovic , Srdjan Skrbic , Dusan Jakovetic

Anomaly detection is widely used to distinguish system anomalies by analyzing the temporal and spatial features of wireless sensor network (WSN) data streams; it is one of critical technique that ensures the reliability of WSNs. Currently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Qinghao Zhang , Miao Ye , Hongbing Qiu , Yong Wang , Xiaofang Deng

Previous research on behavior-based attack detection for networks of IoT devices has resulted in machine learning models whose ability to adapt to unseen data is limited and often not demonstrated. This paper presents IoTGeM, an approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kahraman Kostas , Mike Just , Michael A. Lones