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Collaborative filtering (CF) recommender systems struggle with making predictions on unseen, or 'cold', items. Systems designed to address this challenge are often trained with supervision from warm CF models in order to leverage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Gregor Meehan , Johan Pauwels

An emerging line of work has shown that machine-learned predictions are useful to warm-start algorithms for discrete optimization problems, such as bipartite matching. Previous studies have shown time complexity bounds proportional to some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Shinsaku Sakaue , Taihei Oki

Most recent paradigms of generative model-based recommendation still face challenges related to the cold-start problem. Existing models addressing cold item recommendations mainly focus on acquiring more knowledge to enrich embeddings or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yang Xiang , Li Fan , Chenke Yin , Menglin Kong , Chengtao Ji

Personalisation is a standard feature of conversational AI systems used by millions; yet, the efficacy of personalisation methods is often evaluated in academic research using simulated users rather than real people. This raises questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hannah Rose Kirk , Liu Leqi , Fanzhi Zeng , Henry Davidson , Bertie Vidgen , Christopher Summerfield , Scott A. Hale

In recent years, significant progress has been made in multi-objective reinforcement learning (RL) research, which aims to balance multiple objectives by incorporating preferences for each objective. In most existing studies, specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qian Lin , Zongkai Liu , Danying Mo , Chao Yu

Recommendation systems help users find matched items based on their previous behaviors. Personalized recommendation becomes challenging in the absence of historical user-item interactions, a practical problem for startups known as the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xuansheng Wu , Huachi Zhou , Yucheng Shi , Wenlin Yao , Xiao Huang , Ninghao Liu

Generative, explainable, and flexible recommender systems, derived using Large Language Models (LLM) are promising and poorly adapted to the cold-start user situation, where there is little to no history of interaction. The current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yushang Zhao , Huijie Shen , Dannier Li , Lu Chang , Chengrui Zhou , Yinuo Yang

Federated recommendation system usually trains a global model on the server without direct access to users' private data on their own devices. However, this separation of the recommendation model and users' private data poses a challenge in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chunxu Zhang , Guodong Long , Tianyi Zhou , Zijian Zhang , Peng Yan , Bo Yang

The cold start problem in recommender systems is a long-standing challenge, which requires recommending to new users (items) based on attributes without any historical interaction records. In these recommendation systems, warm users (items)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Shuai Wang , Kun Zhang , Le Wu , Haiping Ma , Richang Hong , Meng Wang

Recommender systems usually rely on large-scale interaction data to learn from users' past behaviors and make accurate predictions. However, real-world applications often face situations where no training data is available, such as when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Genki Kusano , Kenya Abe , Kunihiro Takeoka

In this paper, we propose a novel ranking framework for collaborative filtering with the overall aim of learning user preferences over items by minimizing a pairwise ranking loss. We show the minimization problem involves dependent random…

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) can enable robots to learn to perform tasks based on an individual's preferences without requiring a hand-crafted reward function. However, existing approaches either assume access to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yi Liu , Gaurav Datta , Ellen Novoseller , Daniel S. Brown

We study adaptive querying for learning user-dependent quantities of interest, such as responses to held-out items and psychometric indicators, within tight question budgets. Classical Bayesian design and computerized adaptive testing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-04 Kaizheng Wang , Yuhang Wu , Assaf Zeevi

The potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to deliver aligned and performant agents is partially bottlenecked by the reward engineering problem. One alternative to heuristic trial-and-error is preference-based RL (PbRL), where a reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Tom Bewley , Freddy Lecue

A major challenge in recommender systems is handling new users, whom are also called $\textit{cold-start}$ users. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for learning an optimal series of questions with which to interview cold-start…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Hima Varsha Dureddy , Zachary Kaden

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) can help avoid sophisticated reward designs and align better with human intentions, showing great promise in various real-world applications. However, obtaining human feedback for preferences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yiqin Yang , Hao Hu , Yihuan Mao , Jin Zhang , Chengjie Wu , Yuhua Jiang , Xu Yang , Runpeng Xie , Yi Fan , Bo Liu , Yang Gao , Bo Xu , Chongjie Zhang

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PBRL) offers a promising alternative to explicit reward engineering by learning from pairwise trajectory comparisons. However, real-world preference data often comes from heterogeneous annotators…

Embedding & MLP has become a paradigm for modern large-scale recommendation system. However, this paradigm suffers from the cold-start problem which will seriously compromise the ecological health of recommendation systems. This paper…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Xu Zhao , Yi Ren , Ying Du , Shenzheng Zhang , Nian Wang

The initial interaction of a user with a recommender system is problematic because, in such a so-called cold start situation, the recommender system has very little information about the user, if any. Moreover, in collaborative filtering,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Noa Tuval , Alain Hertz , Tsvi Kuflik

Personalized fashion recommendation is a difficult task because 1) the decisions are highly correlated with users' aesthetic appetite, which previous work frequently overlooks, and 2) many new items are constantly rolling out that cause…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Chongxian Chen , Fan Mo , Xin Fan , Hayato Yamana