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This paper presents a novel framework, called PLANTOR (PLanning with Natural language for Task-Oriented Robots), that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Prolog-based knowledge management and planning for multi-robot tasks. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Enrico Saccon , Ahmet Tikna , Davide De Martini , Edoardo Lamon , Luigi Palopoli , Marco Roveri

The growing demand for AI training data has transformed data annotation into a global industry, but traditional approaches relying on human annotators are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to inconsistent quality. We propose…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Yifan Wang , David Stevens , Pranay Shah , Wenwen Jiang , Miao Liu , Xu Chen , Robert Kuo , Na Li , Boying Gong , Daniel Lee , Jiabo Hu , Ning Zhang , Bob Kamma

Video Large Multimodal Models (VLMMs) have shown impressive performance in video understanding, yet their ability to accurately capture the temporal order of multiple events remains underexplored. We interestingly observe that, even when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Daechul Ahn , Yura Choi , Hyeonbeom Choi , Seongwon Cho , San Kim , Jonghyun Choi

AI Agents rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal-LLMs (MLLMs) to perform interpretation and inference in text and image tasks without post-training, where LLMs and MLLMs play the most critical role and determine the initial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Haoran Sun , Shaoning Zeng

Deliberating on large or continuous state spaces have been long standing challenges in reinforcement learning. Temporal Abstraction have somewhat made this possible, but efficiently planing using temporal abstraction still remains an issue.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Peeyush Kumar , Doina Precup

Large Language Model (LLM) agents deployed in complex real-world scenarios increasingly operate as spatially distributed entities. However, this physical dispersion constrains agents to limited local perception and finite temporal horizons.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Handi Chen , Running Zhao , Xiuzhe Wu , Edith C. H. Ngai

Training large language models (LLMs) to reason via reinforcement learning (RL) significantly improves their problem-solving capabilities. In agentic settings, existing methods like ReAct prompt LLMs to explicitly plan before every action;…

Earth Observation (EO) systems are essentially designed to support domain experts who often express their requirements through vague natural language rather than precise, machine-friendly instructions. Depending on the specific application…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Liang Yao , Shengxiang Xu , Fan Liu , Chuanyi Zhang , Bishun Yao , Rui Min , Yongjun Li , Chaoqian Ouyang , Shimin Di , Min-Ling Zhang

Temporal reasoning is a crucial NLP task, providing a nuanced understanding of time-sensitive contexts within textual data. Although recent advancements in LLMs have demonstrated their potential in temporal reasoning, the predominant focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Chenhan Yuan , Qianqian Xie , Jimin Huang , Sophia Ananiadou

While large language models (LLMs) have advanced procedural planning for embodied AI systems through strong reasoning abilities, the integration of multimodal inputs and counterfactual reasoning remains underexplored. To tackle these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Shibo Sun , Xue Li , Donglin Di , Mingjie Wei , Lanshun Nie , Wei-Nan Zhang , Dechen Zhan , Yang Song , Lei Fan

Large language models (LLMs) are typically trained on fixed snapshots of the web, which means that their knowledge becomes stale and their predictions risk temporal leakage: relying on information that lies in the future relative to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Robin Faro , Dongyang Fan , Tamar Alphaidze , Martin Jaggi

Multi-modal language model has made advanced progress in vision and audio, but still faces significant challenges in dealing with complex reasoning tasks in the time series domain. The reasons are twofold. First, labels for multi-modal time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Haochuan Zhang , Chunhua Yang , Jie Han , Liyang Qin , Xiaoli Wang

Recent vision-language models have strong perceptual ability but their implicit reasoning is hard to explain and easily generates hallucinations on complex queries. Compositional methods improve interpretability, but most rely on a single…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhixi Cai , Fucai Ke , Kevin Leo , Sukai Huang , Maria Garcia de la Banda , Peter J. Stuckey , Hamid Rezatofighi

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have emerged as an effective approach towards collaborative intelligence, and have attracted wide research interests. Among them, ``self-evolving'' MAS, treated as a more flexible and powerful technical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xingjian Wu , Xvyuan Liu , Junkai Lu , Siyuan Wang , Xiangfei Qiu , Yang Shu , Jilin Hu , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning focuses on training the behaviors of multiple learning agents that coexist in a shared environment. Recently, MARL models, such as the Multi-Agent Transformer (MAT) and ACtion dEpendent deep Q-learning…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Shota Takayama , Katsuhide Fujita

This benchmark suite provides a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing both individual LLMs and multi-agent systems in Real-world planning and scheduling scenarios. The suite encompasses 14 designed planning and scheduling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Longling Geng , Edward Y. Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant advances in reasoning tasks. A key approach is tree-based search with verifiers, which expand candidate reasoning paths and use reward models to guide pruning and selection. Although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yingqian Cui , Zhenwei Dai , Pengfei He , Bing He , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Jingying Zeng , Suhang Wang , Yue Xing , Jiliang Tang , Benoit Dumoulin

Recent benchmarks for Large Language Model (LLM) agents mainly evaluate reasoning, planning, and execution. However, memory is also essential for agents, as it enables them to store, update, and retrieve information over time. This ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yuyao Wang , Zhongjian Zhang , Mo Chi , Kaichi Yu , Yuhan Li , Miao Peng , Bing Tong , Chen Zhang , Yan Zhou , Jia Li

In the field of robotics, researchers face a critical challenge in ensuring reliable and efficient task planning. Verifying high-level task plans before execution significantly reduces errors and enhance the overall performance of these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Danil S. Grigorev , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Large language model (LLM)-based applications consist of both LLM and non-LLM components, each contributing to the end-to-end latency. Despite great efforts to optimize LLM inference, end-to-end workflow optimization has been overlooked.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Tan , Yimin Jiang , Yitao Yang , Hong Xu