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The energy consumption of large-scale ML models is dominated by data movement, shuffling billions of parameters across memory hierarchies and data centers. Sparsification offers a principled way to mitigate these costs by pruning redundant…

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on edge devices presents significant challenges due to the substantial computational overhead and memory requirements. Activation sparsification can mitigate these resource challenges by reducing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Junhui He , Shangyu Wu , Weidong Wen , Chun Jason Xue , Qingan Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit significant activation sparsity, where only a subset of neurons are active for a given input. Although this sparsity presents opportunities to reduce computational cost, efficiently utilizing it requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Nobel Dhar , Bobin Deng , Md Romyull Islam , Xinyue Zhang , Kazi Fahim Ahmad Nasif , Kun Suo

Large Language Models (LLMs) with billions of parameters have drastically transformed AI applications. However, their demanding computation during inference has raised significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained devices.…

Various Large Language Models~(LLMs) from the Generative Pretrained Transformer(GPT) family have achieved outstanding performances in a wide range of text generation tasks. However, the enormous model sizes have hindered their practical use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hang Shao , Bei Liu , Bo Xiao , Ke Zeng , Guanglu Wan , Yanmin Qian

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit substantial performance disparities across languages, particularly between high- and low-resource settings. We propose a framework for improving performance in underrepresented languages while preserving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Daniil Gurgurov , Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on end-user devices is gaining importance due to benefits in responsiveness, privacy, and operational cost. Yet the limited memory and compute capability of mobile and desktop GPUs make efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Rongxiang Wang , Kangyuan Shu , Felix Xiaozhu Lin

The demand for efficient large language model (LLM) inference has intensified the focus on sparsification techniques. While semi-structured (N:M) pruning is well-established for weights, its application to activation pruning remains…

Dense large language models(LLMs) face critical efficiency bottlenecks as they rigidly activate all parameters regardless of input complexity. While existing sparsity methods(static pruning or dynamic activation) address this partially,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yiheng Yang , Yujie Wang , Chi Ma , Lei Yu , Emmanuele Chersoni , Chu-Ren Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks but often require additional training, such as continual pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. However, the costs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Da Ma , Lu Chen , Pengyu Wang , Hongshen Xu , Hanqi Li , Liangtai Sun , Su Zhu , Shuai Fan , Kai Yu

As specialized large language models (LLMs) become increasingly prevalent, model merging methods are being used to combine them to create a single multi-task model without requiring any additional data or training. However, these approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hetarth Chopra , Vidhi Rambhia , Vikram Adve

Traditional pruning methods are known to be challenging to work in Large Language Models (LLMs) for Generative AI because of their unaffordable training process and large computational demands. For the first time, we introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yun Li , Lin Niu , Xipeng Zhang , Kai Liu , Jianchen Zhu , Zhanhui Kang

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices remains challenging due to their quadratically increasing computations with the sequence length. Existing studies for dynamic attention pruning are designed for hardware with massively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jiawen Qi , Chang Gao , Zhaochun Ren , Qinyu Chen

As large language models (LLMs) grow in size, efficient compression techniques like quantization and sparsification are critical. While quantization maintains performance with reduced precision, structured sparsity methods, such as N:M…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Egor Maximov , Yulia Kuzkina , Azamat Kanametov , Alexander Prutko , Aleksei Goncharov , Maxim Zhelnin , Egor Shvetsov

In this paper, we address the challenge of determining the layer-wise sparsity rates of large language models (LLMs) through a theoretical perspective. Specifically, we identify a critical issue of ''$\textbf{reconstruction error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Weizhong Huang , Yuxin Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

Large Language Models (LLMs), renowned for their remarkable performance across diverse domains, present a challenge when it comes to practical deployment due to their colossal model size. In response to this challenge, efforts have been…

Existing sparse attention methods primarily target inference-time acceleration by selecting critical tokens under predefined sparsity patterns. However, they often fail to bridge the training-inference gap and lack the capacity for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Feng Chen , Yefei He , Shaoxuan He , Yuanyu He , Jing Liu , Lequan Lin , Akide Liu , Zhaoyang Li , Jiyuan Zhang , Zhenbang Sun , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Large language models (LLMs) offer a scalable mechanism to elicit domain-informed prior information for high-dimensional variable selection. However, existing methods such as LLM-Lasso are sensitive to weight quality, with performance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Caleb Skinner , Yihan Guo , Meng Li

Recently, inspired by the concept of sparsity, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained increasing popularity for scaling model size while keeping the number of activated parameters constant. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xiaoye Qu , Daize Dong , Xuyang Hu , Tong Zhu , Weigao Sun , Yu Cheng

Recent work has demonstrated the curse of depth in large language models (LLMs), where later layers contribute less to learning and representation than earlier layers. Such under-utilization is linked to the accumulated growth of variance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dilxat Muhtar , Xinyuan Song , Sebastian Pokutta , Max Zimmer , Nico Pelleriti , Thomas Hofmann , Shiwei Liu