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Agentic language-model systems increasingly rely on mutable execution contexts, including files, memory, tools, skills, and auxiliary artifacts, creating security risks beyond explicit user prompts. This paper presents DeepTrap, an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hongwei Yao , Yiming Liu , Yiling He , Bingrun Yang

Automated code vulnerability detection is critical for software security, yet existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off between detection accuracy and computational cost. We propose a heterogeneous multi-agent architecture inspired…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhaohui Geoffrey Wang

The increasing deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) agents for complex software engineering tasks has created a need to understand their problem-solving behaviours beyond simple success metrics. While these agents demonstrate impressive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Oorja Majgaonkar , Zhiwei Fei , Xiang Li , Federica Sarro , He Ye

Modern processor advancements have introduced security risks, particularly in the form of microarchitectural timing attacks. High-profile attacks such as Meltdown and Spectre have revealed critical flaws, compromising the entire system's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Congcong Chen , Jinhua Cui , Jiliang Zhang

Zero-shot event extraction (ZSEE) remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs) due to the need for complex reasoning and domain-specific understanding. Direct prompting often yields incomplete or structurally invalid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Quanjiang Guo , Sijie Wang , Jinchuan Zhang , Ben Zhang , Zhao Kang , Ling Tian , Ke Yan

AI agents often fail in ways that are difficult to localize because executions are probabilistic, long-horizon, multi-agent, and mediated by noisy tool outputs. We address this gap by manually annotating failed agent runs and release a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shraddha Barke , Arnav Goyal , Alind Khare , Avaljot Singh , Suman Nath , Chetan Bansal

Customers of machine learning systems demand accountability from the companies employing these algorithms for various prediction tasks. Accountability requires understanding of system limit and condition of erroneous predictions, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Amita Misra , Zhe Liu , Jalal Mahmud

This paper introduces Investigate-Consolidate-Exploit (ICE), a novel strategy for enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of AI agents through inter-task self-evolution. Unlike existing methods focused on intra-task learning, ICE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Cheng Qian , Shihao Liang , Yujia Qin , Yining Ye , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yesai Wu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

EVMbench, released by OpenAI, Paradigm, and OtterSec, is the first large-scale benchmark for AI agents on smart contract security. Its results -- agents detect up to 45.6% of vulnerabilities and exploit 72.2% of a curated subset -- have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Chaoyuan Peng , Lei Wu , Yajin Zhou

LLM agents have begun to find real security vulnerabilities that human auditors and automated fuzzers missed for decades, in source-available targets where the analyst can build and instrument the code. In practice the work is split among…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Hanzhi Liu , Chaofan Shou , Xiaonan Liu , Hongbo Wen , Yanju Chen , Ryan Jingyang Fang , Yu Feng

Large language model (LLM) applications such as agents and domain-specific reasoning increasingly rely on context adaptation: modifying inputs with instructions, strategies, or evidence, rather than weight updates. Prior approaches improve…

Large language model agents are increasingly expected to perform operational work: calling APIs, manipulating files, assembling workflows, and acting inside enterprise systems. Yet the tool layer on which this execution depends is still…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Swanand Rao

Document-level event argument extraction (DEAE) is essential for knowledge acquisition, aiming to extract participants of events from documents . In the zero-shot setting, existing methods employ LLMs to generate synthetic data to address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Guangjun Zhang , Hu Zhang , Yazhou Han , Yue Fan , Yuhang Shao , Ru Li , Hongye Tan

The opacity of AI models necessitates both validation and evaluation before their integration into services. To investigate these models, explainable AI (XAI) employs methods that elucidate the relationship between input features and output…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Zerui Wang , Yan Liu

Smart contract vulnerabilities have led to billions in losses, yet finding actionable exploits remains challenging. Traditional fuzzers rely on rigid heuristics and struggle with complex attacks, while human auditors are thorough but slow…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Arthur Gervais , Liyi Zhou

The proliferation of autonomous AI agents marks a paradigm shift toward complex, emergent multi-agent systems. This transition introduces systemic security risks, including control-flow hijacking and cascading failures, that traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Sai Teja Reddy Adapala , Yashwanth Reddy Alugubelly

Coding agents often pass per-prompt safety review yet ship exploitable code when their tasks are decomposed into routine engineering tickets. The challenge is structural: existing safety alignment evaluates overt requests in isolation,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jonathan Steinberg , Oren Gal

The rapid growth in web-based services has significantly increased security risks related to user information, as web-based attacks become increasingly sophisticated and prevalent. Traditional security methods frequently struggle to detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Vahid Babaey , Hamid Reza Faragardi

Current evaluation frameworks for foundation models rely heavily on static, manually curated benchmarks, limiting their ability to capture the full breadth of model capabilities. This paper introduces Active learning for Capability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Arash Afkanpour , Omkar Dige , Fatemeh Tavakoli , Negin Baghbanzadeh , Farnaz Kohankhaki , Elham Dolatabadi

In this paper, we propose an enhanced approach for Rapid Exploration and eXploitation for AI Agents called REX. Existing AutoGPT-style techniques have inherent limitations, such as a heavy reliance on precise descriptions for…