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We consider the Galilean group of transformations that preserve spatial distances and absolute time intervals between events in spacetime. The special Galilean group, SGal(3), is a 10-dimensional Lie group; we examine the structure of the…

General Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 Jonathan Kelly

We present the basic concepts of space and time, the Galilean and pseudo-Euclidean geometry. We use an elementary geometric framework of affine spaces and groups of affine transformations to illustrate the natural relationship between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 Bozidar Jovanovic

This work presents a group-theoretic interpretation of the historical evolution of mechanics, proposing that each fundamental theory of motion corresponds to a distinct geometry in the sense of Felix Klein. The character of each geometry is…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Patrick Iglesias-Zemmour

The special Galilean group, usually denoted SGal(3), is a 10-dimensional Lie group whose important subgroups include the special orthogonal group, the special Euclidean group, and the group of extended poses. We briefly describe SGal(3) and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Jonathan Kelly

Galilean symmetry is the natural symmetry of inertial motion that underpins Newtonian physics. Although rigid-body symmetry is one of the most established and fundamental tools in robotics, there appears to be no comparable treatment of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Robert Mahony , Jonathan Kelly , Stephan Weiss

A formalism describing the dynamics of classical and quantum systems from a group theoretical point of view is presented. We apply it to the simple example of the classical free particle. The Galileo group $G$ is the symmetry group of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-17 Santiago García

In this paper we show that Galilean group is a matrix Lie group and find its structure. Then provide the invariants of special Galilean geometry of motions, by Olver's method of moving coframes, we also find the corresponding…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Mehdi Nadjafikhah , Ahmad-Reza Forough

Recently, it was shown that when reference frames are associated to quantum systems, the transformation laws between such quantum reference frames need to be modified to take into account the quantum and dynamical features of the reference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Angel Ballesteros , Flaminia Giacomini , Giulia Gubitosi

We give a formulation of classical mechanics in the language of operators acting on a Hilbert space. The formulation given comes from a unitary irreducible representation of the Galilei group that is compatible with the basic postulates of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Andres D. Bermudez Manjarres , Marek Nowakowski , Davide Batic

I explain in what sense the structure of space and time is probably vague or indefinite, a notion I define. This leads to the mathematical representation of location in space and time by a vague interval. From this, a principle of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-08-24 Hanoch Ben-Yami

We present a formalism of Galilean quantum mechanics in non-inertial reference frames and discuss its implications for the equivalence principle. This extension of quantum mechanics rests on the Galilean line group, the semidirect product…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 B. R. MacGregor , A. E. McCoy , S. Wickramasekara

In the existing expositions of the Karolyhazy model, quantum mechanical uncertainties are mimicked by classical spreads. It is shown how to express those uncertainties through entities of the future unified theory of general relativity and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Andor Frenkel

It is shown that equations describing the Galilean electromagnetism in the presence of sources hold invariant under the l-conformal Galilei group for an arbitrary (half)integer parameter l. The group contains transformations which link an…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Anton Galajinsky

Different versions of consistent canonical realizations of hypersurface deformations of spherically symmetric space-times have been derived in models of loop quantum gravity, modifying the classical dynamics and sometimes also the structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-13 Martin Bojowald , Suddhasattwa Brahma , Ding Ding , Michele Ronco

This paper defines, on the Galilean space-time, the group of asymptotically Euclidean transformations (AET), which are equivalent to Euclidean transformations at space-time infinity, and proposes a formulation of nonrelativistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Galvan

We show that a well known uncertainty principle for functions on the circle can be derived from an uncertainty principle for the Euclidean motion group.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jens Gerlach Christensen , Henrik Schlichtkrull

In this paper, we classify space-time curves up to Galilean group of transformations with Cartan's method of equivalence. As an aim, we elicit invariats from action of special Galilean group on space-time curves, that are, in fact,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-11-14 Mehdi Nadjafikhah , Ali Mahdipour Shirayeh

An algebraic characterization of the contractions of the Poincar\'e group permits a proper construction of a non-relativistic limit of its tachyonic representation. We arrive at a consistent, nonstandard representation of the Galilei group…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-26 Victor Aldaya , Julio Guerrero , Francisco F. López-Ruiz

Quantum groups have been widely explored as a tool to encode possible nontrivial generalisations of reference frame transformations, relevant in quantum gravity. In quantum information, it was found that the reference frames can be…

We introduce a general method to construct classes of dynamical systems invariant under generalizations of the Carroll and of the Galilei groups. The method consists in starting from a space-time in $D+1$ dimensions and partitioning it in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-31 Andrea Barducci , Roberto Casalbuoni , Joaquim Gomis
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