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We propose a self-organizing memory architecture for perceptual experience, capable of supporting autonomous learning and goal-directed problem solving in the absence of any prior information about the agent's environment. The architecture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Dan P. Guralnik , Daniel E. Koditschek

Memory mechanism is a core component of LLM-based agents, enabling reasoning and knowledge discovery over long-horizon contexts. Existing agent memory systems are typically designed within isolated paradigms (e.g., explicit, parametric, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xin Zhang , Kailai Yang , Chenyue Li , Hao Li , Qiyu Wei , Jun'ichi Tsujii , Sophia Ananiadou

Most machine learning tools work with a single table where each row is an instance and each column is an attribute. Each cell of the table contains an attribute value for an instance. This representation prevents one important form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-03-14 Tiago Silva , Inês Dutra

The behavioural theory of concurrent systems states that any concurrent system can be captured by a behaviourally equivalent concurrent Abstract State Machine (cASM). While the theory in general assumes shared locations, it remains valid,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Klaus-Dieter Schewe , Andreas Prinz , Egon Börger

Associative memory and probabilistic modeling are two fundamental topics in artificial intelligence. The first studies recurrent neural networks designed to denoise, complete and retrieve data, whereas the second studies learning and…

Temporally aware image representations are crucial for capturing disease progression in 3D volumes of longitudinal medical datasets. However, recent state-of-the-art self-supervised learning approaches like Masked Autoencoding (MAE),…

Humans excel at remembering concrete experiences along spatiotemporal contexts and performing reasoning across those events, i.e., the capacity for episodic memory. In contrast, memory in language agents remains mainly semantic, and current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiheng Shu , Saisri Padmaja Jonnalagedda , Xiang Gao , Bernal Jiménez Gutiérrez , Weijian Qi , Kamalika Das , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Large language models still struggle with reliable long-term conversational memory: simply enlarging context windows or applying naive retrieval often introduces noise and destabilizes responses. We present APEX-MEM, a conversational memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Pratyay Banerjee , Masud Moshtaghi , Shivashankar Subramanian , Amita Misra , Ankit Chadha

Continual Learning (CL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm that aims to learn from a continuous stream of tasks without forgetting knowledge learned from the previous tasks. To avoid performance decrease caused by forgetting, prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Soobee Lee , Minindu Weerakoon , Jonghyun Choi , Minjia Zhang , Di Wang , Myeongjae Jeon

Many leading self-supervised methods for unsupervised representation learning, in particular those for embedding image features, are built on variants of the instance discrimination task, whose optimization is known to be prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Daniel Shalam , Simon Korman

The success of self-supervised contrastive learning hinges on identifying positive data pairs, such that when they are pushed together in embedding space, the space encodes useful information for subsequent downstream tasks. Constructing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Maxwell A. Xu , Alexander Moreno , Hui Wei , Benjamin M. Marlin , James M. Rehg

Clustering is a widely used unsupervised learning technique involving an intensive discrete optimization problem. Associative Memory models or AMs are differentiable neural networks defining a recursive dynamical system, which have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Bishwajit Saha , Dmitry Krotov , Mohammed J. Zaki , Parikshit Ram

Temporal gates play a significant role in modern recurrent-based neural encoders, enabling fine-grained control over recursive compositional operations over time. In recurrent models such as the long short-term memory (LSTM), temporal gates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Yi Tay , Luu Anh Tuan , Siu Cheung Hui

We introduce an algorithm for model-based hierarchical reinforcement learning to acquire self-contained transition and reward models suitable for probabilistic planning at multiple levels of abstraction. We call this framework Planning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 John Winder , Stephanie Milani , Matthew Landen , Erebus Oh , Shane Parr , Shawn Squire , Marie desJardins , Cynthia Matuszek

Approximate message passing (AMP) algorithms are iterative methods for signal recovery in noisy linear systems. In some scenarios, AMP algorithms need to operate within a distributed network. To address this challenge, the distributed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-26 Jun Lu , Lei Liu , Shunqi Huang , Ning Wei , Xiaoming Chen

Forming accurate memory of sequential stimuli is a fundamental function of biological agents. However, the computational mechanism underlying sequential memory in the brain remains unclear. Inspired by neuroscience theories and recent…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-27 Mufeng Tang , Helen Barron , Rafal Bogacz

The Foundation model for image segmentation, Segment Anything (SAM), has been actively researched in various fields since its proposal. Various researches have been proposed to adapt SAM to specific domains, with one notable approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Joohyeok Kim , Joonhyeon Song , Seohwan Yun , Seongho Yoon , Sangmin Lee

We consider the problem of neural association for a network of non-binary neurons. Here, the task is to first memorize a set of patterns using a network of neurons whose states assume values from a finite number of integer levels. Later,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Amir Hesam Salavati , K. Raj Kumar , Amin Shokrollahi

Associative memory, traditionally modeled by Hopfield networks, enables the retrieval of previously stored patterns from partial or noisy cues. Yet, the local computational principles which are required to enable this function remain…

Continual learning remains a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence, with catastrophic forgetting posing a significant barrier to deploying neural networks in dynamic environments. Inspired by biological memory consolidation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Goutham Nalagatla , Shreyas Grandhe