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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable versatility but face challenges in demonstrating true visual understanding, particularly in chart reasoning tasks. Existing benchmarks like ChartQA reveal significant reliance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuyang Ji , Haohan Wang

Direct Code2Code transformation remains challenging to control because it can preserve surface-level syntax while introducing semantic drift, hidden behavioral changes, loss of traceability, non-idiomatic target implementations, or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Oleg Grynets , Vasyl Lyashkevych , Arsen Dolichnyi , Roman Piznak , Taras Zelenyy , Volodymyr Morozov

A chart sequence is used to describe a series of visualization charts generated in the exploratory analysis by data analysts. It provides information details in each chart as well as a logical relationship among charts. While existing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Danqing Shi , Yang Shi , Xinyue Xu , Nan Chen , Siwei Fu , Hongjin Wu , Nan Cao

Formal specifications play a pivotal role in accurately characterizing program behaviors and ensuring software correctness. In recent years, leveraging large language models (LLMs) for the automatic generation of program specifications has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zehan Chen , Long Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , JingJing Zhang , Ruoyu Zhou , Yulong Shen , JianFeng Ma , Lin Yang

Making a good graphic that accurately and efficiently conveys the desired message to the audience is both an art and a science, typically not taught in the data science curriculum. Visualisation makeovers are exercises where the community…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Siddharth Gangwar , David A. Selby , Sebastian J. Vollmer

We introduce CHARTOM, a visual theory-of-mind benchmark designed to evaluate multimodal large language models' capability to understand and reason about misleading data visualizations though charts. CHARTOM consists of carefully designed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shubham Bharti , Shiyun Cheng , Jihyun Rho , Jianrui Zhang , Mu Cai , Yong Jae Lee , Martina Rau , Xiaojin Zhu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) achieve strong performance on visual question answering benchmarks, yet often rely on spurious correlations rather than genuine causal reasoning. Existing evaluations primarily assess the correctness of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Dhita Putri Pratama , Soyeon Caren Han , Yihao Ding

Virtually all verification and synthesis techniques assume that the formal specifications are readily available, functionally correct, and fully match the engineer's understanding of the given system. However, this assumption is often…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Simon Lutz , Daniel Neider , Rajarshi Roy

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive reasoning abilities, yet they struggle with spatial understanding and layout consistency when performing fine-grained visual editing. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaolong Li , Yilin Zhao , Han Zhang , Sifei Liu , Kaichun Mo , Chuang Gan , Subhashree Radhakrishnan

We introduce Chart2Code, a new benchmark for evaluating the chart understanding and code generation capabilities of large multimodal models (LMMs). Chart2Code is explicitly designed from a user-driven perspective, capturing diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiahao Tang , Henry Hengyuan Zhao , Lijian Wu , Zijian Zhang , Yifei Tao , Dongxing Mao , Yang Wan , Jingru Tan , Min Zeng , Min Li , Alex Jinpeng Wang

Vision language models (VLM) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various downstream tasks. However, understanding fine-grained visual-linguistic concepts, such as attributes and inter-object relationships, remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wujian Peng , Sicheng Xie , Zuyao You , Shiyi Lan , Zuxuan Wu

Despite the significant progress made in code generation with large language models, challenges persist, especially with hardware description languages such as Verilog. This paper first presents an analysis of fine-tuned LLMs on Verilog…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Mingjie Liu , Yun-Da Tsai , Wenfei Zhou , Haoxing Ren

Visual representation learning has been a cornerstone in computer vision, involving typical forms such as visual embeddings, structural symbols, and text-based representations. Despite the success of CLIP-type visual embeddings, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yiwu Zhong , Zi-Yuan Hu , Michael R. Lyu , Liwei Wang

Chart question-answering (QA) benchmarks aim to pose questions that require visual reasoning to correctly answer, but models can often reach solutions through shortcuts or prior familiarity with a chart based on their own background…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yifan Jiang , Dae Yon Hwang , Jesse C. Cresswell , Freda Shi

Solving complex chart Q&A tasks requires advanced visual reasoning abilities in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), including recognizing key information from visual inputs and conducting reasoning over it. While fine-tuning MLLMs for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wei He , Zhiheng Xi , Wanxu Zhao , Xiaoran Fan , Yiwen Ding , Zifei Shan , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks. Despite great success, recent studies show that LVLMs encounter substantial limitations when engaging with visual graphs. To study the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yingjie Zhu , Xuefeng Bai , Kehai Chen , Yang Xiang , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

Despite the rapid advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), a critical gap remains in their ability to handle structured, controllable diagrammatic tasks essential for professional workflows. Existing methods predominantly rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xiaoyan Su , Peijie Dong , Zhenheng Tang , Song Tang , Yuyao Zhai , Kaitao Lin , Liang Chen , Gai Yuhang , Yuyu Luo , Qiang Wang , Xiaowen Chu

Compositional Reasoning (CR) entails grasping the significance of attributes, relations, and word order. Recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs), comprising a visual encoder and a Large Language Model (LLM) decoder, have demonstrated…

Leveraging large-scale Text-to-Image (TTI) models have become a common technique for generating exemplar or training dataset in the fields of image synthesis, video editing, 3D reconstruction. However, semantic structural visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bumsoo Kim , Wonseop Shin , Kyuchul Lee , Yonghoon Jung , Sanghyun Seo

Automated chart design has seen significant advancements with the emergence of Large-Language Models (LLMs), which offer a practical solution for generating charts. However, LLMs frequently introduce possibly critical design failures, such…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yao Wang , Jiarong Pan , Danqing Shi , Zhiming Hu , Antti Oulasvirta , Andreas Bulling
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