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We present a novel approach called Mixture of Mixture of Expert (MoMoE) that combines the strengths of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures with collaborative multi-agent frameworks. By modifying the LLaMA 3.1 8B architecture to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Peng Shu , Junhao Chen , Zhengliang Liu , Hanqi Jiang , Yi Pan , Khanh Nhu Nguyen , Zihao Wu , Huaqin Zhao , Yiwei Li , Enze Shi , ShaoChen Xu

We introduce Vibe Reasoning, a human-AI collaborative paradigm for solving complex mathematical problems. Our key insight is that frontier AI models already possess the knowledge required to solve challenging problems -- they simply do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jiaao Wu , Xian Zhang , Fan Yang , Yinpeng Dong

AI agents hold growing promise for accelerating scientific discovery; yet, a lack of frontier evaluations hinders adoption into real workflows. Expert-written benchmarks have proven effective at measuring AI reasoning, but most at this…

Computer-use agents provide a promising path toward general software automation because they can interact directly with arbitrary graphical user interfaces instead of relying on brittle, application-specific integrations. Despite recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinbiao Wei , Kangqi Ni , Yilun Zhao , Guo Gan , Arman Cohan

We introduce LongCat-Flash-Thinking-2601, a 560-billion-parameter open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) reasoning model with superior agentic reasoning capability. LongCat-Flash-Thinking-2601 achieves state-of-the-art performance among…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Meituan LongCat Team , Anchun Gui , Bei Li , Bingyang Tao , Bole Zhou , Borun Chen , Chao Zhang , Chao Zhang , Chen Gao , Chen Zhang , Chengcheng Han , Chenhui Yang , Chuyu Zhang , Cong Chen , Cunguang Wang , Daoru Pan , Defei Bu , Dengchang Zhao , Di Xiu , Dishan Liu , Dongyu Ru , Dunwei Tu , Fan Wu , Fengcheng Yuan , Fengcun Li , Gang Xu , Guanyu Wu , Guoyuan Lin , Haibin Wang , Hansi Yang , Hao Yang , Haonan Yan , Haoxiang Ma , Haoxing Wen , Hongyan Hao , Hongyin Tang , Hongyu Zang , Hongzhi Ni , Hui Su , Jiacheng Zhang , Jiahong Zhou , Jiahuan Li , Jiaming Wang , Jian Yang , Jianfei Zhang , Jianhao Xu , Jianing Wang , Jiapeng Zhu , Jiaqi Sun , Jiarong Shi , Jiarui Zhao , Jingang Wang , Jinluan Yang , Jinrui Ding , Jinwei Xiao , Jiyuan He , Juncan Xu , Kefeng Zhang , Keheng Wang , Li Wei , Lianhui Ma , Lin Qiu , Lingbing Kong , Lingchuan Liu , Linsen Guo , Mengshen Zhu , Mengxia Shen , Mingyang Zhu , Peiguang Li , Peng Pei , Peng Zhao , Pengcheng Jia , Pengtao Zhang , Ping Liu , Qi Gu , Qiong Huang , Qiyuan Duan , Quanchi Weng , Rongxiang Weng , Rongzhi Zhang , Rumei Li , Shanglin Lei , Shengnan An , Shijun Dai , Shizhe Wu , Shuaikang Liu , Shuang Zhou , Shuo Wang , Songyuan Zhao , Tao Liang , Tianhao Hu , Tianze Chen , Wei Liu , Wei Shi , Wei Wang , Weifeng Tang , Wenjie Shi , Wenlong Zhu , Wentao Chen , Wentao Shi , Xi Su , Xiandi Ma , Xiangcheng Liu , Xiangyu Xi , Xiangyuan Liu , Xiangzhou Huang , Xiao Liu , Xiaodong Cai , Xiaolong Chen , Xiaowei Shi , Xiaoyu Li , Xin Chen , Xingchen Liu , Xuan Huang , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Yan Chen , Yang Bai , Yang Liu , Yang Yang , Yang Zheng , Yanyu Chen , Yaoming Wang , Yaoming Zhu , Yaorui Shi , Yaqi Huo , Yerui Sun , Yi Zhang , Yi-Kai Zhang , Yifan Lu , Yifan Zhao , Yihao Chen , Yitao Zhai , Yongjing Yin , Yongwei Zhou , Youshao Xiao , Yu Wang , Yu Yang , Yuchen Xie , Yuchen Yu , Yuchuan Dai , Yue Xu , Yueqing Sun , Yufei Zhang , Yuhuai Wei , Yulei Qian , Yunfan Liang , Yunke Zhao , Yuwei Jiang , Yuxin Bian , Yuxin Chen , Yuxin Liu , Zeyang Yu , Zhao Yang , Zhengsheng Huang , Zhengyu Chen , Zhijian Liu , Zhikang Xia , Zhimin Lin , Zhiyuan Yao , Zhuofan Chen , Zhuowen Han , Zijian Zhang , Ziran Li , Ziwen Wang , Ziyuan Zhuang

The expansion of large language models is increasingly limited by the constrained memory capacity of modern GPUs. To mitigate this, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures activate only a small portion of parameters during inference,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zixu Shen , Kexin Chu , Yifan Zhang , Dawei Xiang , Runxin Wu , Wei Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models facilitate edge deployment by decoupling model capacity from active computation, yet their large memory footprint drives the need for GPU systems with near-data processing (NDP) capabilities that offload…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Qi Wu , Chao Fang , Jiayuan Chen , Ye Lin , Yueqi Zhang , Yichuan Bai , Yuan Du , Li Du

The large artificial intelligence models (LAMs) show strong capabilities in perception, reasoning, and multi-modal understanding, and can enable advanced capabilities in low-altitude edge intelligence. However, the deployment of LAMs at the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jiahao You , Ziye Jia , Chao Dong , Qihui Wu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained popularity in achieving state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of tasks in computer vision and natural language processing. They effectively expand the model capacity while incurring a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Haiyang Huang , Newsha Ardalani , Anna Sun , Liu Ke , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee , Anjali Sridhar , Shruti Bhosale , Carole-Jean Wu , Benjamin Lee

Mixture of Experts (MoEs) have become a central component of many state-of-the-art open-source and proprietary large language models. Despite their widespread adoption, it remains unclear how close existing MoE architectures are to optimal…

Despite many recent works on Mixture of Experts (MoEs) for resource-efficient Transformer language models, existing methods mostly focus on MoEs for feedforward layers. Previous attempts at extending MoE to the self-attention layer fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Róbert Csordás , Piotr Piękos , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are designed to enhance the efficiency of large language models (LLMs) without proportionally increasing the computational demands. However, their deployment on edge devices still faces significant challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Shuzhang Zhong , Ling Liang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

End-to-end models with large capacity have significantly improved multilingual automatic speech recognition, but their computation cost poses challenges for on-device applications. We propose a streaming truly multilingual Conformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Ke Hu , Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Yu Zhang , Francoise Beaufays

While Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the standard for sparsity scaling in large language models, they increasingly face diminishing returns and system-level bottlenecks. In this work, we explore embedding scaling as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Hong Liu , Jiaqi Zhang , Chao Wang , Xing Hu , Linkun Lyu , Jiaqi Sun , Xurui Yang , Bo Wang , Fengcun Li , Yulei Qian , Lingtong Si , Yerui Sun , Rumei Li , Peng Pei , Yuchen Xie , Xunliang Cai

Despite the proliferation of powerful agentic models, the lack of critical post-training details hinders the development of strong counterparts in the open-source community. In this study, we present a comprehensive and fully open-source…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models typically fix the number of activated experts $k$ at both training and inference. However, real-world deployments often face heterogeneous hardware, fluctuating workloads, and diverse quality-latency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Yuchen Feng , Yilong Chen , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved their reasoning and decision-making abilities when deployed as agents. Richer reasoning, however, often comes at the cost of longer chain of thought (CoT), hampering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Sirui Chen , Mengshi Zhao , Lei Xu , Yuying Zhao , Beier Zhu , Hanwang Zhang , Shengjie Zhao , Chaochao Lu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is now the dominant architecture for frontier language models, yet it requires all expert parameters to be loaded in memory, making it less preferable for memory-constrained deployment. Existing compression methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Junhyuck Kim , Jihun Yun , Haechan Kim , Gyeongman Kim , Joonghyun Bae , Jaewoong Cho

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has become a fundamental building block in state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs), improving domain-specific expertise in LLMs and scaling model capacity without proportionally increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ankit Jyothish , Ali Jannesari , Aishwarya Sarkar , Joseph Zuber

Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer