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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms show amazing performance in simulation in recent years, but placing MARL in real-world applications may suffer safety problems. MARL with centralized shields was proposed and verified in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Zhiyuan Cai , Huanhui Cao , Wenjie Lu , Lin Zhang , Hao Xiong

Platooning can serve as an effective management measure for connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to ensure overall traffic efficiency. Current study focus on the longitudinal control of CAV platoons, however it still remains a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Fengqing Hu , Huan Yu

Vehicle collisions remain a major challenge in large-scale mixed traffic systems, especially when human-driven vehicles (HVs) and robotic vehicles (RVs) interact under dynamic and uncertain conditions. Although Multi-Agent Reinforcement…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Muyang Fan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) uses rewards to guide learning, yet reward design is typically hand-crafted using heuristics that can be difficult to tune. We propose a Control Barrier Function (CBF)-informed reward design for Multi-Agent RL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jianye Xu , Bassam Alrifaee

Ensuring safety in MARL, particularly when deploying it in real-world applications such as autonomous driving, emerges as a critical challenge. To address this challenge, traditional safe MARL methods extend MARL approaches to incorporate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Zhi Zheng , Shangding Gu

As a fundamental problem for Artificial Intelligence, multi-agent system (MAS) is making rapid progress, mainly driven by multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) techniques. However, previous MARL methods largely focused on grid-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Haiyang Wang , Wenguan Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Jifeng Dai , Liwei Wang

Traffic congestion in modern cities is exacerbated by the limitations of traditional fixed-time traffic signal systems, which fail to adapt to dynamic traffic patterns. Adaptive Traffic Signal Control (ATSC) algorithms have emerged as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Anirudh Satheesh , Keenan Powell

The objective of this article is to optimize the overall traffic flow on freeways using multiple ramp metering controls plus its complementary Dynamic Speed Limits (DSLs). An optimal freeway operation can be reached when minimizing the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Ahmed Fares , Walid Gomaa , Mohamed A. Khamis

We derive optimal control policies for a Connected Automated Vehicle (CAV) and cooperating neighboring CAVs to carry out a lane change maneuver consisting of a longitudinal phase where the CAV properly positions itself relative to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Andres S. Chavez Armijos , Rui Chen , Christos G. Cassandras , Yasir K. Al-Nadawi , Hossein Noukhiz Mahjoub , Hidekazu Araki

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Traffic Signal Control (TSC) faces significant hurdles in real-world deployment due to limited generalization to dynamic traffic flow variations. Existing approaches often overfit static patterns and use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sheng-You Huang , Hsiao-Chuan Chang , Yen-Chi Chen , Ting-Han Wei , I-Hau Yeh , Sheng-Yao Kuan , Chien-Yao Wang , Hsuan-Han Lee , I-Chen Wu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved notable success in cooperative tasks, demonstrating impressive performance and scalability. However, deploying MARL agents in real-world applications presents critical safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zeyang Li , Navid Azizan

We address the problem of coordination and control of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in the presence of imperfect observations in mixed traffic environment. A commonly used approach is learning-based decision-making, such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Zhili Zhang , H M Sabbir Ahmad , Ehsan Sabouni , Yanchao Sun , Furong Huang , Wenchao Li , Fei Miao

We derive optimal control policies for a Connected Automated Vehicle (CAV) and cooperating neighboring CAVs to carry out a lane change maneuver consisting of a longitudinal phase where the CAV properly positions itself relative to the…

Human-driven vehicles (HVs) exhibit complex and diverse behaviors. Accurately modeling such behavior is crucial for validating Robot Vehicles (RVs) in simulation and realizing the potential of mixed traffic control. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Bibek Poudel , Weizi Li , Shuai Li

We address the problem of optimally controlling Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) arriving from two multi-lane roads and merging at multiple points where the objective is to jointly minimize the travel time and energy consumption of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-02 Wei Xiao , Christos G. Cassandras , Calin Belta

Connected and autonomous vehicles across land, water, and air must often operate in dynamic, unpredictable environments with limited communication, no centralized control, and partial observability. These real-world constraints pose…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hung Du , Hy Nguyen , Srikanth Thudumu , Rajesh Vasa , Kon Mouzakis

Highway on-ramp merging areas are common bottlenecks to traffic congestion and accidents. Currently, a cooperative control strategy based on connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is a fundamental solution to this problem. While CAVs are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Tianyi Wang , Yangyang Wang , Jie Pan , Junfeng Jiao , Christian Claudel

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) presents a promising approach for addressing the complexity of Traffic Signal Control (TSC) in urban environments. However, existing platforms for MARL-based TSC research face challenges such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Rohit Bokade , Xiaoning Jin

We derive time and energy-optimal control policies for a Connected Autonomous Vehicle (CAV) to complete lane change maneuvers in mixed traffic. The interaction between CAVs and Human-Driven Vehicles (HDVs) requires designing the best…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-31 Anni Li , Andres S. Chavez Armijos , Christos G. Cassandras

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have recently gained prominence in traffic research due to advances in communication technology and autonomous driving. Various longitudinal control strategies for CAVs have been developed to enhance…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 Jingyuan Zhou , Longhao Yan , Kaidi Yang