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We report an innovative model for predicting entanglement distribution between end parties of a quantum network using our in-house simulation algorithm. Our implementation is based on stochastic methods that are built upon a unique global…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Tasmi R. Ahmed , Fares Nada , Amber Hussain , Connor Kupchak

We present Context Aware Fidelity Estimation (CAFE), a framework for benchmarking quantum operations that offers several practical advantages over existing methods such as Randomized Benchmarking (RB) and Cross-Entropy Benchmarking (XEB).…

Quantum repeaters hold the promise to prevent the photon losses in communication channels. Most recently, the serious efforts have been applied to achieve scalable distribution of entanglement over long distances. However, the probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-13 D. Aghamalyan , Yu. Malakyan

We present an exact rate analysis for a secret key that can be shared among two parties employing a linear quantum repeater chain. One of our main motivations is to address the question whether simply placing quantum memories along a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Lars Kamin , Evgeny Shchukin , Frank Schmidt , Peter van Loock

Quantum communication enables the implementation of tasks that are unachievable with classical resources. However, losses on the communication channel preclude the direct long-distance transmission of quantum information in many relevant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-02 Boxi Li , Tim Coopmans , David Elkouss

Quantum communications promises reliable transmission of quantum information, efficient distribution of entanglement and generation of completely secure keys. For all these tasks, we need to determine the optimal point-to-point rates that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-27 Stefano Pirandola , Riccardo Laurenza , Carlo Ottaviani , Leonardo Banchi

Long-distance quantum communication requires quantum repeaters to overcome photon loss in optical fibers. Here we demonstrate a repeater node with two memory atoms in an optical cavity. Both atoms are individually and repeatedly entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 S. Langenfeld , P. Thomas , O. Morin , G. Rempe

Quantum networks will be able to service consumers with long-distance entanglement by use of quantum repeaters that generate Bell pairs (or links) with their neighbors, iid with probability $p$ and perform Bell State Measurements (BSMs) on…

Long-distance quantum communication requires reliable entanglement distribution, but direct generation with protocols such as Barrett--Kok suffers from exponentially decreasing success probability with distance, making it impractical over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Wenhan Li , Shiyu Zhang

We present a comprehensive analysis of fidelity decay and error accumulation in faulty quantum circuit models. Our work devises an analytical bound for the average fidelity between desired and faulty output states, accounting for errors…

Realization of a globe-spanning quantum network is a current worldwide goal, where near and long term implementations will benefit from connectivity between platforms optimized for specific tasks. Towards this goal, a quantum network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-11 Mohsen Falamarzi Askarani , Kaushik Chakraborty , Gustavo Castro do Amaral

Entanglement routing establishes remote entanglement connection between two arbitrary nodes, which is one of the most important functions in quantum networks. The existing routing mechanisms mainly improve the robustness and throughput…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-23 Jian Li , Mingjun Wang , Qidong Jia , Kaiping Xue , Nenghai Yu , Qibin Sun , Jun Lu

We consider the problem of optimising the achievable EPR-pair distribution rate between multiple source-destination pairs in a quantum internet, where the repeaters may perform a probabilistic bell-state measurement and we may impose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-02 Kaushik Chakraborty , David Elkouss , Bruno Rijsman , Stephanie Wehner

With the emergence of the Quantum Internet, the need for advanced quantum networking techniques has significantly risen. Various models of quantum repeaters have been presented, each delineating a unique strategy to ensure quantum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zebo Yang , Ali Ghubaish , Raj Jain , Hassan Shapourian , Alireza Shabani

Satellite-based quantum repeaters are a promising means to reach global distances in quantum networking due to the polynomial decrease of optical transmission with distance in free space, in contrast to the exponential decrease in optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 V. Domínguez Tubío , M. Badás Aldecocea , J. van Dam , A. S. Sørensen , J. Borregaard

Gate fidelity -- an average fidelity over all possible input states -- is the workhorse metric for benchmarking quantum gates or circuits, yet fault-tolerant quantum computing ultimately depends on the worst-case behavior, typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Kyoungho Cho , Ilkwon Sohn , Yongsoo Hwang , Jeongho Bang

Scalable quantum networks must support concurrent entanglement requests, yet existing routing protocols fail when users compete for shared repeater resources, wasting fragile quantum states. This paper presents RADAR-Q, a resource-aware…

Quantum repeaters, which are indispensable for long-distance quantum communication, are necessary for extending the entanglement from short distance to long distance; however, high-rate entanglement distribution, even between adjacent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-26 Daisuke Yoshida , Kazuya Niizeki , Shuhei Tamura , Tomoyuki Horikiri

As Federated Learning (FL) expands to larger and more distributed environments, consistency in training is challenged by network-induced delays, clock unsynchronicity, and variability in client updates. This combination of factors may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Baran Can Gül , Stefanos Tziampazis , Nasser Jazdi , Michael Weyrich

We derive key features of the Age-of-Information distribution in a system whose activities are strictly limited to periodic instances on a global time grid. In particular, one agent periodically generates updates while the other agent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 R. Schoeffauer , G. Wunder