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We build a rigorous bridge between deep networks (DNs) and approximation theory via spline functions and operators. Our key result is that a large class of DNs can be written as a composition of max-affine spline operators (MASOs), which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-13 Randall Balestriero , Richard Baraniuk

In state-of-the-art deep neural networks, both feature normalization and feature attention have become ubiquitous. % with significant performance improvement shown in a vast amount of tasks. They are usually studied as separate modules,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Xilai Li , Wei Sun , Tianfu Wu

Similarity functions measure how comparable pairs of elements are, and play a key role in a wide variety of applications, e.g., notions of Individual Fairness abiding by the seminal paradigm of Dwork et al., as well as Clustering problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Leonidas Tsepenekas , Ivan Brugere , Freddy Lecue , Daniele Magazzeni

Two questions regarding practitioners' use of patent embeddings arise: (i) Does one fine-tuning recipe suffice for all downstream applications? (ii) Is fine-tuning on one patent landscape sufficient for downstream application on other…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Amirhossein Yousefiramandi , Ciaran Cooney

Recent empirical and theoretical analyses of several commonly used prediction procedures reveal a peculiar risk behavior in high dimensions, referred to as double/multiple descent, in which the asymptotic risk is a non-monotonic function of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-26 Pratik Patil , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Yuting Wei , Alessandro Rinaldo

Fitting a matrix of a given rank to data in a least squares sense can be done very effectively using 2nd order methods such as Levenberg-Marquardt by explicitly optimizing over a bilinear parameterization of the matrix. In contrast, when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-10 José Pedro Iglesias , Carl Olsson , Marcus Valtonen Örnhag

There is growing body of learning problems for which it is natural to organize the parameters into matrix, so as to appropriately regularize the parameters under some matrix norm (in order to impose some more sophisticated prior knowledge).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-10-19 Sham M. Kakade , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Ambuj Tewari

Neural network interpretation methods, particularly feature attribution methods, are known to be fragile with respect to adversarial input perturbations. To address this, several methods for enhancing the local smoothness of the gradient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Sunghwan Joo , Seokhyeon Jeong , Juyeon Heo , Adrian Weller , Taesup Moon

The importance of an efficient and scalable document similarity detection system is undeniable nowadays. Search engines need batch text similarity measures to detect duplicated and near-duplicated web pages in their indexes in order to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Hamid Mohammadi , Amin Nikoukaran

Empirically it has been observed that the performance of deep neural networks steadily improves as we increase model size, contradicting the classical view on overfitting and generalization. Recently, the double descent phenomena has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári , Omar Rivasplata , Amal Rannen-Triki , Razvan Pascanu

We present a unified framework for quantifying the similarity between representations through the lens of \textit{usable} information, offering a rigorous theoretical and empirical synthesis across three key dimensions. First, addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Antonio Almudévar , Alfonso Ortega

Bipartite data is common in data engineering and brings unique challenges, particularly when it comes to clustering tasks that impose on strong structural assumptions. This work presents an unsupervised method for assessing similarity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Aaron Gerow , Mingyang Zhou , Stan Matwin , Feng Shi

An applied problem facing all areas of data science is harmonizing data sources. Joining data from multiple origins with unmapped and only partially overlapping features is a prerequisite to developing and testing robust, generalizable…

Word embeddings have been shown to benefit from ensambling several word embedding sources, often carried out using straightforward mathematical operations over the set of word vectors. More recently, self-supervised learning has been used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-27 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Sample efficiency is a crucial problem in deep reinforcement learning. Recent algorithms, such as REDQ and DroQ, found a way to improve the sample efficiency by increasing the update-to-data (UTD) ratio to 20 gradient update steps on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Aditya Bhatt , Daniel Palenicek , Boris Belousov , Max Argus , Artemij Amiranashvili , Thomas Brox , Jan Peters

Recent years have witnessed the introduction and development of extremely fast rational function algorithms. Many ideas in this realm arose from polynomial-based linear-algebraic algorithms. However, polynomial approximation is occasionally…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-03 James Chok , Geoffrey M. Vasil

Purpose: To systematically investigate the influence of various data consistency layers, (semi-)supervised learning and ensembling strategies, defined in a $\Sigma$-net, for accelerated parallel MR image reconstruction using deep learning.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-20 Kerstin Hammernik , Jo Schlemper , Chen Qin , Jinming Duan , Ronald M. Summers , Daniel Rueckert

Binary size reduction is an increasingly important optimization objective for compilers. One emerging technique is function merging, where multiple similar functions are merged into one, thereby eliminating redundancy. The SOTA approach to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Amir K. Goharshady , Kerim Kochekov , Tian Shu , Ahmed Khaled Zaher

The classic DQN algorithm is limited by the overestimation bias of the learned Q-function. Subsequent algorithms have proposed techniques to reduce this problem, without fully eliminating it. Recently, the Maxmin and Ensemble Q-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Hassam Ullah Sheikh , Ladislau Bölöni

We show that deep neural networks (DNNs) can efficiently learn any composition of functions with bounded $F_{1}$-norm, which allows DNNs to break the curse of dimensionality in ways that shallow networks cannot. More specifically, we derive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Arthur Jacot , Seok Hoan Choi , Yuxiao Wen