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Scene synthesis and editing has emerged as a promising direction in computer graphics. Current trained approaches for 3D indoor scene generation either oversimplify object semantics through one-hot class encodings (e.g., 'chair' or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Martin JJ. Bucher , Iro Armeni

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have increasingly become the main paradigm for understanding indoor scenes, but they still struggle with metric and spatial reasoning. Current approaches rely on end-to-end video understanding or large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fernando Ropero , Erkin Turkoz , Daniel Matos , Junqing Du , Antonio Ruiz , Yanfeng Zhang , Lu Liu , Mingwei Sun , Yongliang Wang

We present a method for creating 3D indoor scenes with a generative model learned from a collection of semantic-segmented depth images captured from different unknown scenes. Given a room with a specified size, our method automatically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Ming-Jia Yang , Yu-Xiao Guo , Bin Zhou , Xin Tong

Automatically generating interactive 3D indoor scenes from natural language is crucial for virtual reality, gaming, and embodied AI. However, existing LLM-based approaches often suffer from spatial errors and collisions, in part because…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Song Tang , Kaiyong Zhao , Yuliang Li , Qingsong Yan , Penglei Sun , Junyi Zou , Qiang Wang , Xiaowen Chu

Indoor scene synthesis involves automatically picking and placing furniture appropriately on a floor plan, so that the scene looks realistic and is functionally plausible. Such scenes can serve as homes for immersive 3D experiences, or be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jingyu Liu , Wenhan Xiong , Ian Jones , Yixin Nie , Anchit Gupta , Barlas Oğuz

3D indoor scene generation is an important problem for the design of digital and real-world environments. To automate this process, a scene generation model should be able to not only generate plausible scene layouts, but also take into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kelly O. Marshall , Omid Poursaeed , Sergiu Oprea , Amit Kumar , Anushrut Jignasu , Chinmay Hegde , Yilei Li , Rakesh Ranjan

This paper presents a novel generative approach that outputs 3D indoor environments solely from a textual description of the scene. Current methods often treat scene synthesis as a mere layout prediction task, leading to rooms with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yao Wei , Matteo Toso , Pietro Morerio , Michael Ying Yang , Alessio Del Bue

Existing single-image 3D indoor scene generators often produce results that look visually plausible but fail to obey real-world physics, limiting their reliability in robotics, embodied AI, and design. To examine this gap, we introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Dongli Wu , Jingyu Hu , Ka-Hei Hui , Xiaobao Wei , Chengwen Luo , Jianqiang Li , Zhengzhe Liu

Creating high-fidelity 3D models of indoor environments is essential for applications in design, virtual reality, and robotics. However, manual 3D modeling remains time-consuming and labor-intensive. While recent advances in generative AI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Chuan Fang , Heng Li , Yixun Liang , Jia Zheng , Yongsen Mao , Yuan Liu , Rui Tang , Zihan Zhou , Ping Tan

Creating large-scale interactive 3D environments is essential for the development of Robotics and Embodied AI research. Current methods, including manual design, procedural generation, diffusion-based scene generation, and large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Yian Wang , Xiaowen Qiu , Jiageng Liu , Zhehuan Chen , Jiting Cai , Yufei Wang , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Zhou Xian , Chuang Gan

Scalable AI agents training relies on interactive environments that faithfully simulate the consequences of agent actions. Manually crafted environments are expensive to build, brittle to extend, and fundamentally limited in diversity. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yi Liu , TingFeng Hui , Wei Zhang , Li Sun , Ningxin Su , Jian Wang , Sen Su

Indoor scene synthesis aims to automatically produce plausible, realistic and diverse 3D indoor scenes, especially given arbitrary user requirements. Recently, the promising generalization ability of pre-trained large language models (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Weilin Sun , Xinran Li , Manyi Li , Kai Xu , Xiangxu Meng , Lei Meng

We present SceneNAT, a single-stage masked non-autoregressive Transformer that synthesizes complete 3D indoor scenes from natural language instructions through only a few parallel decoding passes, offering improved performance and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jeongjun Choi , Yeonsoo Park , H. Jin Kim

The creation of complex 3D scenes tailored to user specifications has been a tedious and challenging task with traditional 3D modeling tools. Although some pioneering methods have achieved automatic text-to-3D generation, they are generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xiuyu Yang , Yunze Man , Jun-Kun Chen , Yu-Xiong Wang

Synthetic 3D scenes are essential for developing Physical AI and generative models. Existing procedural generation methods often have low output throughput, creating a significant bottleneck in scaling up dataset creation. In this work, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jinghuan Shang , Harsh Patel , Ran Gong , Karl Schmeckpeper

This paper introduces SceneCraft, a Large Language Model (LLM) Agent converting text descriptions into Blender-executable Python scripts which render complex scenes with up to a hundred 3D assets. This process requires complex spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Ziniu Hu , Ahmet Iscen , Aashi Jain , Thomas Kipf , Yisong Yue , David A. Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Alireza Fathi

We introduce AgentWorld, an interactive simulation platform for developing household mobile manipulation capabilities. Our platform combines automated scene construction that encompasses layout generation, semantic asset placement, visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yizheng Zhang , Zhenjun Yu , Jiaxin Lai , Cewu Lu , Lei Han

Simulation engines are widely adopted in robotics. However, they lack either full simulation control, ROS integration, realistic physics, or photorealism. Recently, synthetic data generation and realistic rendering has advanced tasks like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Elia Bonetto , Chenghao Xu , Aamir Ahmad

The modeling of industrial scenes is essential for simulations in industrial manufacturing. While large language models (LLMs) have shown significant progress in generating general 3D scenes from textual descriptions, generating industrial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xiao Xia , Dan Zhang , Zibo Liao , Zhenyu Hou , Tianrui Sun , Jing Li , Ling Fu , Yuxiao Dong

The scarcity of data depicting dangerous situations presents a major obstacle to training AI systems for safety-critical applications, such as construction safety, where ethical and logistical barriers hinder real-world data collection.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Vu Dinh Xuan , Hao Vo , David Murphy , Hoang D. Nguyen