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Related papers: Controllable Value Alignment in Large Language Mod…

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Sentence representations are foundational to many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. While recent methods leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to derive sentence representations, most rely on final-layer hidden states, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yeqin Zhang , Yunfei Wang , Jiaxuan Chen , Ke Qin , Yizheng Zhao , Cam-Tu Nguyen

The emergence of finetuning-as-a-service has revealed a new vulnerability in large language models (LLMs). A mere handful of malicious data uploaded by users can subtly manipulate the finetuning process, resulting in an alignment-broken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Xin Yi , Shunfan Zheng , Linlin Wang , Gerard de Melo , Xiaoling Wang , Liang He

Safety alignment is essential for the responsible deployment of large language models (LLMs). Yet, existing approaches often rely on heavyweight fine-tuning that is costly to update, audit, and maintain across model families. Full…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sasha Behrouzi , Lichao Wu , Mohamadreza Rostami , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), such as LLaVA-series models, are driven by massive machine-generated instruction-following data tuning. Such automatic instruction collection pipelines, however, inadvertently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hongzhe Huang , Jiang Liu , Zhewen Yu , Li Cai , Dian Jiao , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Juncheng Li , Hao Jiang , Haoyuan Li , Yueting Zhuang

A fundamental challenge in autonomous driving is the integration of high-level, semantic reasoning for long-tail events with low-level, reactive control for robust driving. While large vision-language models (VLMs) trained on web-scale data…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multilingual capabilities, however, how to evaluate cross-lingual alignment remains underexplored. Existing alignment benchmarks primarily focus on sentence embeddings, but prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Chongxuan Huang , Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Qifeng Su , Xiaodong Shi

The autonomous decision-making process, which is increasingly applied to computer systems, requires that the choices made by these systems align with human values. In this context, systems must assess how well their decisions reflect human…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Eduardo de la Cruz Fernández , Marcelo Karanik , Sascha Ossowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in simulating human behavior, yet existing agents often exhibit behavioral rigidity, a flaw frequently masked by the self-referential bias of current "LLM-as-a-judge" evaluations. By…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 TianZe Zhang , Sirui Sun , Yuhang Xie , Xin Zhang , Zhiqiang Wu , Guojie Song

Do Large Language Models (LLMs) hold positions that conflict with your country's values? Occasionally they do! However, existing works primarily focus on ethical reviews, failing to capture the diversity of national values, which encompass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Weijie Shi , Chengyi Ju , Chengzhong Liu , Jiaming Ji , Jipeng Zhang , Ruiyuan Zhang , Jia Zhu , Jiajie Xu , Yaodong Yang , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has not only provided numerous opportunities but also presented significant challenges. This becomes particularly evident when LLMs inadvertently generate harmful or toxic content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Kai Chen , Chunwei Wang , Kuo Yang , Jianhua Han , Lanqing Hong , Fei Mi , Hang Xu , Zhengying Liu , Wenyong Huang , Zhenguo Li , Dit-Yan Yeung , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Big models, exemplified by Large Language Models (LLMs), are models typically pre-trained on massive data and comprised of enormous parameters, which not only obtain significantly improved performance across diverse tasks but also present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jing Yao , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xiting Wang , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie

Researchers have been studying approaches to steer the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) and build personalized LLMs tailored for various applications. While fine-tuning seems to be a direct solution, it requires substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Yuanpu Cao , Tianrong Zhang , Bochuan Cao , Ziyi Yin , Lu Lin , Fenglong Ma , Jinghui Chen

The safety of large language models (LLMs) has increasingly emerged as a fundamental aspect of their development. Existing safety alignment for LLMs is predominantly achieved through post-training methods, which are computationally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sicheng Shen , Mingyang Lv , Han Shen , Jialin Wu , Binghao Wang , Zhou Yang , Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Feifei Zhao , Yi Zeng

Value alignment is central to the development of safe and socially compatible artificial intelligence. However, how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent and enact human values in real-world decision contexts remains under-explored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jen-tse Huang , Jiantong Qin , Xueli Qiu , Sharon Levy , Michelle R. Kaufman , Mark Dredze

Knowledge editing aims to adjust the knowledge within large language models (LLMs) to prevent their responses from becoming obsolete or inaccurate. However, existing works on knowledge editing are primarily conducted in a single language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jiakuan Xie , Pengfei Cao , Yuheng Chen , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Model editing aims to precisely alter the behaviors of large language models (LLMs) in relation to specific knowledge, while leaving unrelated knowledge intact. This approach has proven effective in addressing issues of hallucination and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Derong Xu , Ziheng Zhang , Zhihong Zhu , Zhenxi Lin , Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Tong Xu , Wanyu Wang , Yuyang Ye , Xiangyu Zhao , Enhong Chen , Yefeng Zheng

Steering methods influence Large Language Model behavior by identifying semantic directions in hidden representations, but are typically realized through inference-time activation interventions that apply a fixed, global modification to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Chung-En Sun , Ge Yan , Zimo Wang , Tsui-Wei Weng

Safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) is achieved through fine-tuning mechanisms that regulate neuron activations to suppress harmful content. In this work, we propose a novel approach to induce disalignment by identifying and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yi Zhou , Wenpeng Xing , Dezhang Kong , Changting Lin , Meng Han

Despite advances in large language models (LLMs) on reasoning and instruction-following tasks, it is unclear whether they can reliably produce outputs aligned with a variety of user goals, a concept called steerability. Two gaps in current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Trenton Chang , Tobias Schnabel , Adith Swaminathan , Jenna Wiens

Controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) at inference time is essential for aligning outputs with human abilities and safety requirements. \emph{Activation steering} provides a lightweight alternative to prompt engineering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Diaoulé Diallo , Katharina Dworatzyk , Sophie Jentzsch , Peer Schütt , Sabine Theis , Tobias Hecking