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Whereas recovery of the manifold from data is a well-studied topic, approximation rates for functions defined on manifolds are less known. In this work, we study a regression problem with inputs on a $d^*$-dimensional manifold that is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-05 Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

The universal approximation property of width-bounded networks has been studied as a dual of classical universal approximation results on depth-bounded networks. However, the critical width enabling the universal approximation has not been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Sejun Park , Chulhee Yun , Jaeho Lee , Jinwoo Shin

We consider approximations of 1D Lipschitz functions by deep ReLU networks of a fixed width. We prove that without the assumption of continuous weight selection the uniform approximation error is lower than with this assumption at least by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-04 Dmitry Yarotsky

Quantile regression is the task of estimating a specified percentile response, such as the median, from a collection of known covariates. We study quantile regression with rectified linear unit (ReLU) neural networks as the chosen model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-21 Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Wesley Tansey , Yanzhen Chen

We prove bounds for the approximation and estimation of certain binary classification functions using ReLU neural networks. Our estimation bounds provide a priori performance guarantees for empirical risk minimization using networks of a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-11 Andrei Caragea , Philipp Petersen , Felix Voigtlaender

We derive rigorous bounds on the error resulting from the approximation of the solution of parametric hyperbolic scalar conservation laws with ReLU neural networks. We show that the approximation error can be made as small as desired with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-18 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra

Neural networks often operate in the overparameterized regime, in which there are far more parameters than training samples, allowing the training data to be fit perfectly. That is, training the network effectively learns an interpolating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Suzanna Parkinson , Greg Ongie , Rebecca Willett

While metric and similarity learning has been extensively studied from several theoretical perspectives, a rigorous understanding of its generalization performance is still lacking. In this paper, we investigate the generalization behavior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Junyu Zhou , Puyu Wang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

The parameter space for any fixed architecture of feedforward ReLU neural networks serves as a proxy during training for the associated class of functions - but how faithful is this representation? It is known that many different parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 J. Elisenda Grigsby , Kathryn Lindsey , David Rolnick

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are very successful at solving challenging problems with sequential data. However, this observed efficiency is not yet entirely explained by theory. It is known that a certain class of multiplicative RNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Valentin Khrulkov , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Ivan Oseledets

Deep neural network with rectified linear units (ReLU) is getting more and more popular recently. However, the derivatives of the function represented by a ReLU network are not continuous, which limit the usage of ReLU network to situations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Bo Li , Shanshan Tang , Haijun Yu

When studying the expressive power of neural networks, a main challenge is to understand how the size and depth of the network affect its ability to approximate real functions. However, not all functions are interesting from a practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Gal Vardi , Daniel Reichman , Toniann Pitassi , Ohad Shamir

This paper studies the approximation property of ReLU neural networks (NNs) to piecewise constant functions with unknown interfaces in bounded regions in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Under the assumption that the discontinuity interface $\Gamma$ may be…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Zhiqiang Cai , Junpyo Choi , Min Liu

In spite of finite dimension ReLU neural networks being a consistent factor behind recent deep learning successes, a theory of feature learning in these models remains elusive. Currently, insightful theories still rely on assumptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Devon Jarvis , Richard Klein , Benjamin Rosman , Andrew M. Saxe

This survey provides an in-depth and explanatory review of the approximation properties of deep neural networks, with a focus on feed-forward and residual architectures. The primary objective is to examine how effectively neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Owen Davis , Mohammad Motamed

This article is concerned with the approximation and expressive powers of deep neural networks. This is an active research area currently producing many interesting papers. The results most commonly found in the literature prove that neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 I. Daubechies , R. DeVore , S. Foucart , B. Hanin , G. Petrova

Deep neural networks with rectified linear units (ReLU) are getting more and more popular due to their universal representation power and successful applications. Some theoretical progress regarding the approximation power of deep ReLU…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-28 Bo Li , Shanshan Tang , Haijun Yu

We study the expressive power of deep ReLU neural networks for approximating functions in dilated shift-invariant spaces, which are widely used in signal processing, image processing, communications and so on. Approximation error bounds are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yunfei Yang , Zhen Li , Yang Wang

Neural networks have shown high successful performance in a wide range of tasks, but further studies are needed to improve its performance. We analyze the approximation error of the specific neural network architecture with a local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Jae-Mo Kang , Sunghwan Moon

We study approximation and statistical learning properties of deep ReLU networks under structural assumptions that mitigate the curse of dimensionality. We prove minimax-optimal uniform approximation rates for $s$-H\"older smooth functions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Thomas Nagler , Sophie Langer