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Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems arise across a broad spectrum of domains, including medicine, logistics, and manufacturing. While exact solutions are often computationally infeasible, many practical applications require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Arman Mielke , Uwe Bauknecht , Thilo Strauss , Mathias Niepert

In recent years, there has been a notable surge in research on machine learning techniques for combinatorial optimization. It has been shown that learning-based methods outperform traditional heuristics and mathematical solvers on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shiqing Liu , Xueming Yan , Yaochu Jin

Existing neural methods for the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) mostly aim at finding a single optimal solution. To discover diverse yet high-quality solutions for Multi-Solution TSP (MSTSP), we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Qi Li , Zhiguang Cao , Yining Ma , Yaoxin Wu , Yue-Jiao Gong

Efficiently solving Poisson equations on complex, irregular domains remains a fundamental challenge in scientific computing, as classical iterative solvers often suffer from prohibitive runtime due to ill-conditioned systems. While neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bocheng Zeng , Rui Zhang , Runze Mao , Mengtao Yan , Xuan Bai , Yang Liu , Zhi X. Chen , Hao Sun

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

In order to deal with the high development time of exact and approximation algorithms for NP-hard combinatorial optimisation problems and the high running time of exact solvers, deep learning techniques have been used in recent years as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 James Fitzpatrick , Deepak Ajwani , Paula Carroll

We study the generalization capability of Unsupervised Learning in solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). We use a Graph Neural Network (GNN) trained with a surrogate loss function to generate an embedding for each node. We use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

Combinatorial optimization serves as an essential part in many modern industrial applications. A great number of the problems are offline setting due to safety and/or cost issues. While simulation-based approaches appear difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Wenpeng Wei , Toshiko Aizono

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) are a promising technique for bridging differential programming and combinatorial domains. GNNs employ trainable modules which can be assembled in different configurations that reflect the relational structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Marcelo O. R. Prates , Pedro H. C. Avelar , Henrique Lemos , Luis Lamb , Moshe Vardi

Solving combinatorial optimization problems involve satisfying a set of hard constraints while optimizing some objectives. In this context, exact or approximate methods can be used. While exact methods guarantee the optimal solution, they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Aymen Ben Said , Malek Mouhoub

Combinatorial optimization (CO) is the fundamental problem at the intersection of computer science, applied mathematics, etc. The inherent hardness in CO problems brings up challenge for solving CO exactly, making deep-neural-network-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Runzhong Wang , Yang Li , Junchi Yan , Xiaokang Yang

Neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) is a promising learning-based approach for solving challenging combinatorial optimization problems without specialized algorithm design by experts. However, most constructive NCO methods cannot solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Fu Luo , Xi Lin , Fei Liu , Qingfu Zhang , Zhenkun Wang

Neural network-based Combinatorial Optimization (CO) methods have shown promising results in solving various NP-complete (NPC) problems without relying on hand-crafted domain knowledge. This paper broadens the current scope of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqing Sun , Yiming Yang

Combinatorial optimization is the field devoted to the study and practice of algorithms that solve NP-hard problems. As Machine Learning (ML) and deep learning have popularized, several research groups have started to use ML to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Antoine François , Quentin Cappart , Louis-Martin Rousseau

Current hardware limitations restrict the potential when solving quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems via the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) or quantum annealing (QA). Thus, we consider training…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-30 Thomas Gabor , Sebastian Feld , Hila Safi , Thomy Phan , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

The emergence of truck-drone collaborative systems in last-mile logistics has positioned the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drones (TSP-D) as a pivotal extension of classical routing optimization, where synchronized vehicle coordination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Taihelong Zeng , Yun Lin , Yuhe Shi , Yan Li , Zhiqing Wei , Xuanru Ji

Recent work on neural scaling laws demonstrates that model performance scales predictably with compute budget, model size, and dataset size. In this work, we develop scaling laws based on problem complexity. We analyze two fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lowell Weissman , Michael Krumdick , A. Lynn Abbott

This paper introduces a new deep learning approach to approximately solve the Covering Salesman Problem (CSP). In this approach, given the city locations of a CSP as input, a deep neural network model is designed to directly output the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Kaiwen Li , Tao Zhang , Rui Wang Yuheng Wang , Yi Han

Automated machine learning aims to automate the whole process of machine learning, including model configuration. In this paper, we focus on automated hyperparameter optimization (HPO) based on sequential model-based optimization (SMBO).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Ying Wei , Peilin Zhao , Huaxiu Yao , Junzhou Huang

Deep neural networks based on reinforcement learning (RL) for solving combinatorial optimization (CO) problems are developing rapidly and have shown a tendency to approach or even outperform traditional solvers. However, existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chaoyang Wang , Pengzhi Cheng , Jingze Li , Weiwei Sun