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Spatial awareness is key to enable embodied multimodal AI systems. Yet, without vast amounts of spatial supervision, current Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle at this task. In this paper, we introduce TWIST & SCOUT, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Aritra Bhowmik , Mohammad Mahdi Derakhshani , Dennis Koelma , Yuki M. Asano , Martin R. Oswald , Cees G. M. Snoek

Visual grounding seeks to localize the image region corresponding to a free-form text description. Recently, the strong multimodal capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have driven substantial improvements in visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Seil Kang , Jinyeong Kim , Junhyeok Kim , Seong Jae Hwang

3D visual grounding aims to automatically locate the 3D region of the specified object given the corresponding textual description. Existing works fail to distinguish similar objects especially when multiple referred objects are involved in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Feng Xiao , Hongbin Xu , Qiuxia Wu , Wenxiong Kang

The existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for GUI perception have made great progress. However, the following challenges still exist in prior methods: 1) They model discrete coordinates based on text autoregressive mechanism,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Hongyi Jing , Jiafu Chen , Chen Rao , Ziqiang Dang , Jiajie Teng , Tianyi Chu , Juncheng Mo , Shuo Fang , Huaizhong Lin , Rui Lv , Chenguang Ma , Lei Zhao

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision-language tasks, yet they often struggle with vision-centric scenarios where precise visual focus is needed for accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yunze Man , De-An Huang , Guilin Liu , Shiwei Sheng , Shilong Liu , Liang-Yan Gui , Jan Kautz , Yu-Xiong Wang , Zhiding Yu

3D visual grounding allows an embodied agent to understand visual information in real-world 3D environments based on human instructions, which is crucial for embodied intelligence. Existing 3D visual grounding methods typically rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Fan Li , Zanyi Wang , Zeyi Huang , Guang Dai , Jingdong Wang , Mengmeng Wang

Grounding textual phrases in visual content is a meaningful yet challenging problem with various potential applications such as image-text inference or text-driven multimedia interaction. Most of the current existing methods adopt the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Zhiyuan Fang , Shu Kong , Tianshu Yu , Yezhou Yang

Referring expression grounding aims at locating certain objects or persons in an image with a referring expression, where the key challenge is to comprehend and align various types of information from visual and textual domain, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Xihui Liu , Zihao Wang , Jing Shao , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Unlike Object Detection, Visual Grounding task necessitates the detection of an object described by complex free-form language. To simultaneously model such complex semantic and visual representations, recent state-of-the-art studies adopt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Weitai Kang , Luowei Zhou , Junyi Wu , Changchang Sun , Yan Yan

Referring expression grounding is an important and challenging task in computer vision. To avoid the laborious annotation in conventional referring grounding, unpaired referring grounding is introduced, where the training data only contains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hengcan Shi , Munawar Hayat , Jianfei Cai

GUI agents powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in understanding and executing user instructions. However, accurately grounding instruction-relevant elements from high-resolution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yichao Liu , Huawen Shen , Liu Yu , Shiyu Liu , Zeyu Chen , Yu Zhou

Visual grounding is a ubiquitous building block in many vision-language tasks and yet remains challenging due to large variations in visual and linguistic features of grounding entities, strong context effect and the resulting semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yongfei Liu , Bo Wan , Xiaodan Zhu , Xuming He

With the continuous emergence of various social media platforms frequently used in daily life, the multimodal meme understanding (MMU) task has been garnering increasing attention. MMU aims to explore and comprehend the meanings of memes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Li Zheng , Hao Fei , Ting Dai , Zuquan Peng , Fei Li , Huisheng Ma , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have markedly expanded the competence of graphical user-interface (GUI) systems, propelling them beyond controlled simulations into complex, real-world environments across diverse platforms. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bin Lei , Nuo Xu , Ali Payani , Mingyi Hong , Chunhua Liao , Yu Cao , Caiwen Ding

Visual grounding is a common vision task that involves grounding descriptive sentences to the corresponding regions of an image. Most existing methods use independent image-text encoding and apply complex hand-crafted modules or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Ming Dai , Lingfeng Yang , Yihao Xu , Zhenhua Feng , Wankou Yang

Perception-enhanced pre-training, particularly through grounding techniques, is widely adopted to enhance the performance of graphical user interface (GUI) agents. However, in resource-constrained scenarios, the format discrepancy between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zongru Wu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zheng Wu , Tianjie Ju , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Autonomous agents operating on the graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of various applications hold immense practical value. Unlike the large language model (LLM)-based methods which rely on structured texts and customized backends, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xuetian Chen , Hangcheng Li , Jiaqing Liang , Sihang Jiang , Deqing Yang

In recent years, various applications in computer vision have achieved substantial progress based on deep learning, which has been widely used for image fusion and shown to achieve adequate performance. However, suffering from limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Zhengwen Shen , Jun Wang , Zaiyu Pan , Yulian Li , Jiangyu Wang

GUI grounding aims to align natural language instructions with precise regions in complex user interfaces. Advanced multimodal large language models show strong ability in visual GUI grounding but still struggle with small or visually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Aiden Yiliu Li , Bizhi Yu , Daoan Lei , Tianhe Ren , Shilong Liu

Driven by the scalable diffusion models trained on large-scale datasets, text-to-image synthesis methods have shown compelling results. However, these models still fail to precisely follow the text prompt involving multiple objects,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Quynh Phung , Songwei Ge , Jia-Bin Huang