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Inequality proving, crucial across diverse scientific and mathematical fields, tests advanced reasoning skills such as discovering tight bounds and strategic theorem application. This makes it a distinct, demanding frontier for large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Pan Lu , Jiayi Sheng , Luna Lyu , Jikai Jin , Tony Xia , Alex Gu , James Zou

Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve near-saturation accuracy on many established mathematical reasoning benchmarks, raising concerns about their ability to diagnose genuine reasoning competence. This saturation largely stems from…

Within the domain of data mining, one critical objective is the discovery of sequential rules with high utility. The goal is to discover sequential rules that exhibit both high utility and strong confidence, which are valuable in real-world…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chunkai Zhang , Jiarui Deng , Maohua Lyu , Wensheng Gan , Philip S. Yu

In this paper, we observe that current models are susceptible to reward hacking, leading to a substantial overestimation of a model's reasoning ability. This is evidenced by a high incidence of false positives-solutions that reach the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Youliang Yuan , Qiuyang Mang , Jingbang Chen , Hong Wan , Xiaoyuan Liu , Junjielong Xu , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxuan Wang , Wenxiang Jiao , Pinjia He

The automatic evaluation of instruction following typically involves using large language models (LLMs) to assess response quality. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of these LLM-based evaluators across two dimensions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yixin Liu , Kejian Shi , Alexander R. Fabbri , Yilun Zhao , Peifeng Wang , Chien-Sheng Wu , Shafiq Joty , Arman Cohan

Outcome-rewarded Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in mathematical problem-solving. However, this success often masks a critical issue: models frequently achieve correct answers through fundamentally unsound…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Jiaxing Guo , Wenjie Yang , Shengzhong Zhang , Tongshan Xu , Lun Du , Da Zheng , Zengfeng Huang

Large Language Models are prompting us to view more NLP tasks from a generative perspective. At the same time, they offer a new way of accessing information, mainly through the RAG framework. While there have been notable improvements for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Alex-Razvan Ispas , Charles-Elie Simon , Fabien Caspani , Vincent Guigue

Large language models (LLMs) present a promising yet challenging frontier for automated source citation in scientific communication. Previous approaches to citation generation have been limited by citation ambiguity and LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Yash Saxena , Deepa Tilwani , Ali Mohammadi , Edward Raff , Amit Sheth , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Manas Gaur

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has greatly improved our ability to process complex language. However, accurately detecting logical fallacies remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel and effective prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jiwon Jeong , Hyeju Jang , Hogun Park

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with maintaining accuracy throughout multiple multiple reasoning steps, especially in mathematical reasoning where an error in earlier steps can propagate to subsequent ones and it ultimately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Fei Yu , Anningzhe Gao , Benyou Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) shows promise for enterprise knowledge work, yet it often underperforms in high-stakes decision settings that require deep synthesis, strict traceability, and recovery from underspecified prompts.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xincheng You , Qi Sun , Neha Bora , Huayi Li , Shubham Goel , Kang Li , Sean Culatana

Benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) often rely on rubric-scented prompts that request visible reasoning and strict formatting, whereas real deployments demand terse, contract-bound answers. We investigate whether such "evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Nisar Ahmed , Muhammad Imran Zaman , Gulshan Saleem , Ali Hassan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in solving mathematical reasoning tasks, leveraging Chain-of-Thought (CoT) data as a vital component in guiding answer generation. Current paradigms typically generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Honglin Lin , Zhuoshi Pan , Yu Li , Qizhi Pei , Xin Gao , Mengzhang Cai , Conghui He , Lijun Wu

This paper presents a novel framework for enhancing reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) by leveraging iterative reasoning and feedback-driven methodologies. Building on the limitations identified in the SimpleBench…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Soham Sane , Angus McLean

Existing benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) predominantely focus on assessing their capabilities through verifiable tasks. Such objective and static benchmarks offer limited utility for practical LLM selection, making it difficult…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Qi Jia , Xiujie Song , Zicheng Zhang , Yijin Guo , Kaiwei Zhang , Zijian Chen , Guangtao Zhai

Manual relevance judgements in Information Retrieval are costly and require expertise, driving interest in using Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatic assessment. While LLMs have shown promise in general web search scenarios, their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ratan J. Sebastian , Anett Hoppe

This paper explores generalised probabilistic modelling and uncertainty estimation in comparative LLM-as-a-judge frameworks. We show that existing Product-of-Experts methods are specific cases of a broader framework, enabling diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yassir Fathullah , Mark J. F. Gales

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on reasoning benchmarks via reinforcement learning requires a specific reward function, often binary, for each benchmark. This comes with two potential limitations: the need to design the reward, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Ariel Kwiatkowski , Natasha Butt , Ismail Labiad , Julia Kempe , Yann Ollivier

As LLM-based judges become integral to industry applications, obtaining well-calibrated uncertainty estimates efficiently has become critical for production deployment. However, existing techniques, such as verbalized confidence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Eshika Saxena , Kenneth Li , Chenxi Whitehouse , Adina Williams , Nicola Cancedda

Recent work on reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be substantially improved using outcome-level verification signals, such as unit tests for code or exact-match checks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Massimiliano Pronesti , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou
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