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The Wasserstein metric has become increasingly important in many machine learning applications such as generative modeling, image retrieval and domain adaptation. Despite its appeal, it is often too costly to compute. This has motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jonathan Bobrutsky , Amit Moscovich

This paper is focused on the statistical analysis of probability measures $\nu_{1},\ldots,\nu_{n}$ on $\mathbb{R}$ that can be viewed as independent realizations of an underlying stochastic process. We consider the situation of practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-30 Jérémie Bigot , Raúl Gouet , Thierry Klein , Alfredo López

We analyze optimal transport problems with additional entropic cost evaluated along curves in the Wasserstein space which join two probability measures $m_0,m_1$. The effect of the additional entropy functional results into an elliptic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-18 Alessio Porretta

Weak optimal transport generalizes the classical theory of optimal transportation to nonlinear cost functions and covers a range of problems that lie beyond the traditional theory - including entropic transport, martingale transport, and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Filip Pramenković

The optimal transport and Wasserstein barycenter of Gaussian distributions have been solved. In literature, the closed form formulas of the Monge map, the Wasserstein distance and the Wasserstein barycenter have been given. Moreover, when…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Keyu Chen , Yunxin Zhang

Comparing metric measure spaces (i.e. a metric space endowed with aprobability distribution) is at the heart of many machine learning problems. The most popular distance between such metric measure spaces is theGromov-Wasserstein (GW)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Thibault Séjourné , François-Xavier Vialard , Gabriel Peyré

Barycenters (aka Fr\'echet means) were introduced in statistics in the 1940's and popularized in the fields of shape statistics and, later, in optimal transport and matrix analysis. They provide the most natural extension of linear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Victor-Emmanuel Brunel , Jordan Serres

Wasserstein barycenter is the centroid of a collection of discrete probability distributions which minimizes the average of the $\ell_2$-Wasserstein distance. This paper focuses on the computation of Wasserstein barycenters under the case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Yitian Qian , Shaohua Pan

We study the fixed-support Wasserstein barycenter problem (FS-WBP), which consists in computing the Wasserstein barycenter of $m$ discrete probability measures supported on a finite metric space of size $n$. We show first that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Tianyi Lin , Nhat Ho , Xi Chen , Marco Cuturi , Michael I. Jordan

A new method is proposed for the solution of the data-driven optimal transport barycenter problem and of the more general distributional barycenter problem that the article introduces. The method improves on previous approaches based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-30 Esteban G. Tabak , Giulio Trigila , Wenjun Zhao

We present a dynamical version for the multi-marginal optimal transport problem with infimal convolution cost, using the theory of Wasserstein barycentres. We show, how our formulation relates to the dynamical version of the multi-marginal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Friedemann Krannich

This paper studies distributional model risk in marginal problems, where each marginal measure is assumed to lie in a Wasserstein ball centered at a fixed reference measure with a given radius. Theoretically, we establish several…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Yanqin Fan , Hyeonseok Park , Gaoqian Xu

We present and study a novel algorithm for the computation of 2-Wasserstein population barycenters of absolutely continuous probability measures on Euclidean space. The proposed method can be seen as a stochastic gradient descent procedure…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Julio Backhoff-Veraguas , Joaquin Fontbona , Gonzalo Rios , Felipe Tobar

In a variety of research areas, the weighted bag of vectors and the histogram are widely used descriptors for complex objects. Both can be expressed as discrete distributions. D2-clustering pursues the minimum total within-cluster variation…

Computation · Statistics 2017-01-10 Jianbo Ye , Panruo Wu , James Z. Wang , Jia Li

Discrete Wasserstein barycenters correspond to optimal solutions of transportation problems for a set of probability measures with finite support. Discrete barycenters are measures with finite support themselves and exhibit two favorable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Steffen Borgwardt

Optimal transport distances are powerful tools to compare probability distributions and have found many applications in machine learning. Yet their algorithmic complexity prevents their direct use on large scale datasets. To overcome this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-14 Kilian Fatras , Younes Zine , Rémi Flamary , Rémi Gribonval , Nicolas Courty

This work presents several expected generalization error bounds based on the Wasserstein distance. More specifically, it introduces full-dataset, single-letter, and random-subset bounds, and their analogues in the randomized subsample…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-29 Borja Rodríguez-Gálvez , Germán Bassi , Ragnar Thobaben , Mikael Skoglund

We generalize the notion and theory of Wasserstein barycenters introduced by Agueh and Carlier (2011) from the quadratic cost to general smooth strictly convex costs $h$ with non-degenerate Hessian. We show the equivalence between a coupled…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Camilla Brizzi , Gero Friesecke , Tobias Ried

We analyze the effect of small changes in the underlying probabilistic model on the value of multi-period stochastic optimization problems and optimal stopping problems. We work in finite discrete time and measure these changes with the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-19 Daniel Bartl , Johannes Wiesel

We consider Monge-Kantorovich optimal transport problems on $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\ge 1$, with a convex cost function given by the cumulant generating function of a probability measure. Examples include the Wasserstein-2 transport whose cost…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Soumik Pal