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The use of machine learning (ML) in high-stakes societal decisions has encouraged the consideration of fairness throughout the ML lifecycle. Although data integration is one of the primary steps to generate high quality training data, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Sainyam Galhotra , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prasanna Sattigeri , Kush R. Varshney

The treatment of fairness in decision-making literature usually involves quantifying fairness using objective measures. This work takes a critical stance to highlight the limitations of these approaches (group fairness and individual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Sarra Tajouri , Alexis Tsoukiàs

Applications that deal with sensitive information may have restrictions placed on the data available to a machine learning (ML) classifier. For example, in some applications, a classifier may not have direct access to sensitive attributes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Zachary McBride Lazri , Danial Dervovic , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Ivan Brugere , Dana Dachman-Soled , Min Wu

We develop an algorithm to train individually fair learning-to-rank (LTR) models. The proposed approach ensures items from minority groups appear alongside similar items from majority groups. This notion of fair ranking is based on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-23 Amanda Bower , Hamid Eftekhari , Mikhail Yurochkin , Yuekai Sun

Machine learning relies on the assumption that unseen test instances of a classification problem follow the same distribution as observed training data. However, this principle can break down when machine learning is used to make important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Moritz Hardt , Nimrod Megiddo , Christos Papadimitriou , Mary Wootters

Fairness in machine learning is more important than ever as ethical concerns continue to grow. Individual fairness demands that individuals differing only in sensitive attributes receive the same outcomes. However, commonly used machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ruihan Zhang , Jun Sun

Consider a binary decision making process where a single machine learning classifier replaces a multitude of humans. We raise questions about the resulting loss of diversity in the decision making process. We study the potential benefits of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-03 Nina Grgić-Hlača , Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Krishna P. Gummadi , Adrian Weller

With the aim of building machine learning systems that incorporate standards of fairness and accountability, we explore explicit subgroup sample complexity bounds. The work is motivated by the observation that classifier predictions for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Ananth Balashankar , Alyssa Lees

Controversies around race and machine learning have sparked debate among computer scientists over how to design machine learning systems that guarantee fairness. These debates rarely engage with how racial identity is embedded in our social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Sebastian Benthall , Bruce D. Haynes

Many set selection and ranking algorithms have recently been enhanced with diversity constraints that aim to explicitly increase representation of historically disadvantaged populations, or to improve the overall representativeness of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Ke Yang , Vasilis Gkatzelis , Julia Stoyanovich

Algorithmic fairness has become a central concern in computational decision-making systems, where ensuring equitable outcomes is essential for both ethical and legal reasons. Two dominant notions of fairness have emerged in the literature:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sandra Benítez-Peña , Blas Kolic , Victoria Menendez , Belén Pulido

Algorithmic systems are known to impact marginalized groups severely, and more so, if all sources of bias are not considered. While work in algorithmic fairness to-date has primarily focused on addressing discrimination due to individually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Vishwali Mhasawade , Rumi Chunara

Individual fairness is an intuitive definition of algorithmic fairness that addresses some of the drawbacks of group fairness. Despite its benefits, it depends on a task specific fair metric that encodes our intuition of what is fair and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-23 Debarghya Mukherjee , Mikhail Yurochkin , Moulinath Banerjee , Yuekai Sun

A common distinction in fair machine learning, in particular in fair classification, is between group fairness and individual fairness. In the context of clustering, group fairness has been studied extensively in recent years; however,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-11 Matthäus Kleindessner , Pranjal Awasthi , Jamie Morgenstern

Machine learning (ML) algorithms are heavily based on the availability of training data, which, depending on the domain, often includes sensitive information about data providers. This raises critical privacy concerns. Anonymization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Héber H. Arcolezi , Mina Alishahi , Adda-Akram Bendoukha , Nesrine Kaaniche

Fairness constitutes a concern within machine learning (ML) applications. Currently, there is no study on how disparities in classification complexity between privileged and unprivileged groups could influence the fairness of solutions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Juliett Suárez Ferreira , Marija Slavkovik , Jorge Casillas

We propose a new family of fairness definitions for classification problems that combine some of the best properties of both statistical and individual notions of fairness. We posit not only a distribution over individuals, but also a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Saeed Sharifi-Malvajerdi

We consider training machine learning models that are fair in the sense that their performance is invariant under certain sensitive perturbations to the inputs. For example, the performance of a resume screening system should be invariant…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-16 Mikhail Yurochkin , Amanda Bower , Yuekai Sun

AI methods are used in societally important settings, ranging from credit to employment to housing, and it is crucial to provide fairness in regard to algorithmic decision making. Moreover, many settings are dynamic, with populations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Zhun Deng , He Sun , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Linjun Zhang , David C. Parkes

As \emph{artificial intelligence} (AI) systems are increasingly involved in decisions affecting our lives, ensuring that automated decision-making is fair and ethical has become a top priority. Intuitively, we feel that akin to human…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Gábor Erdélyi , Olivia J. Erdélyi , Vladimir Estivill-Castro