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Markov's theorem classifies the worst irrational numbers with respect to rational approximation and the indefinite binary quadratic forms whose values for integer arguments stay farthest away from zero. The main purpose of this paper is to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Boris Springborn

Let $\Phi$ be a strictly plurisubharmonic and radial function on the unit disk ${\cal D}\subset {\complex}$ and let $g$ be the \K metric associated to the \K form $\omega =\frac{i}{2}\partial\bar\partial\Phi$. We prove that if $g$ is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-03-27 Antonio Greco , Andrea Loi

The inner product provides a conceptually and algorithmically simple method for calculating the comoving distance between two cosmological objects given their redshifts, right ascension and declination, and arbitrary constant curvature. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Boudewijn F. Roukema

By analogy with complex numbers, a system of hyperbolic numbers can be introduced in the same way: z=x+h*y with h*h=1 and x,y real numbers. As complex numbers are linked to the Euclidean geometry, so this system of numbers is linked to the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Francesco Catoni , Roberto Cannata , Vincenzo Catoni , Paolo Zampetti

Let $f$ be an analytic function on the unit disc which is in the Dirichlet class, so the Euclidean area of the image, counting multiplicity, is finite. The Euclidean length of a radial arc of hyperbolic length $\rho$ is then $o(\rho^1/2)$.…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2007-11-02 T. K. Carne

We consider the quasihyperbolic metric, and its generalizations in both the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space $R^n$, and in Banach spaces. Historical background, applications, and our recent work on convexity properties of these metrics are…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Riku Klén , Antti Rasila , Jarno Talponen

We examine Euclidean plane domains with their hyperbolic or quasihyperbolic distance. We prove that the associated metric spaces are quasisymmetrically equivalent if and only if they are bi-Lipschitz equivalent. On the other hand, for…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-11-24 David A Herron , Jeff Lindquist

In this paper, orthogonal projection along a geodesic to the chosen k-plane is introduced using edge and Gram matrix of an n-simplex in hyperbolic or spherical n-space. The distance from a point to k-plane is obtained by the orthogonal…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-24 Baki Karliga , Murat Savas , Atakan T. Yakut

The geodesic distance between points in real hyperbolic space is a hypermetric, and hence is a kernel negative type. The proof given here uses an integral formula for geodesic distance, in terms of a measure on the space of hyperplanes. An…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-02-26 Guyan Robertson

We highlight the relation between the projective geometries of $n$-dimensional Euclidean, spherical and hyperbolic spaces through the projective models of these spaces in the $n+1$-dimensional Minkowski space, using a cross ratio notion…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Athanase Papadopoulos , Sumio Yamada

Let $G \subsetneq \mathbb{R}^n$ be a domain and let $d_1$ and $d_2$ be two metrics on $G$. We compare the geometries defined by the two metrics to each other for several pairs of metrics. The metrics we study include the distance ratio…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-01-29 Parisa Hariri , Matti Vuorinen , Xiaohui Zhang

Euler's inequality is a well known inequality relating the inradius and circumradius of a triangle. In Euclidean geometry, this inequality takes the form $R \geq 2r$ where $R$ is the circumradius and $r$ is the inradius. In spherical…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Ren Guo , Estonia Black , Caleb Smith

The triangular ratio metric is studied in subdomains of the complex plane and Euclidean $n$-space. Various inequalities are proven for it. The main results deal with the behavior of this metric under quasiconformal maps. We also study the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-08-24 Jiaolong Chen , Parisa Hariri , Riku Klén , Matti Vuorinen

In this paper we describe trigonometry on the de Sitter surface. For that a characterization of geodesics is given, leading to various types of triangles. We define lengths and angles of these. Then, transferring the concept of polar…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-10-30 Immanuel Asmus

We study how the length and the twisting parameter of a curve change along a Teichmuller geodesic. We then use our results to provide a formula for the Teichmuller distance between two hyperbolic metrics on a surface, in terms of the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kasra Rafi

In the first part of this investigation, [Ha], we generalized a weighted distance function of [Li] and found necessary and sufficient conditions for it being a metric. In this paper some properties of this so-called M-relative metric are…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Peter A. Hasto

We prove an identity which connects the visual angle metric $v_{\mathbb{H}^2}$ and the hyperbolic metric $\rho_{\mathbb{H}^2}$ of the upper half plane $\mathbb{H}^2$. The proof is based on geometric arguments and uses computer algebra…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Masayo Fujimura , Oona Rainio , Matti Vuorinen

We define metrics in space that are natural counterparts of the hyperbolic metric in plane domains, using the characterization of the hyperbolic metric due to Beardon and Pommerenke. We obtain inequalities for these metrics under…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Aimo Hinkkanen , Poranee Khayo

We study the hyperbolic cosine and sine laws in the extended hyperbolic space which contains hyperbolic space as a subset and is an analytic continuation of the hyperbolic space. And we also study the spherical cosine and sine laws in the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2010-01-05 Yunhi Cho

We show the equivalence of several characterizations of relative hyperbolicity for metric spaces, and obtain extra information about geodesics in a relatively hyperbolic space. We apply this to characterize hyperbolically embedded subgroups…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Alessandro Sisto