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Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) are rapidly emerging alongside autoregressive models as a powerful paradigm for complex reasoning, with reinforcement learning increasingly used for downstream alignment. Existing trajectory-based RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ranfei Chen , Ming Chen , Kaifei Wang

We introduce Diffusion World Model (DWM), a conditional diffusion model capable of predicting multistep future states and rewards concurrently. As opposed to traditional one-step dynamics models, DWM offers long-horizon predictions in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zihan Ding , Amy Zhang , Yuandong Tian , Qinqing Zheng

Diffusion probabilistic models have achieved enormous success in the field of image generation and manipulation. In this paper, we explore a novel paradigm of using the diffusion model and classifier guidance in the latent semantic space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Changhao Shi , Haomiao Ni , Kai Li , Shaobo Han , Mingfu Liang , Martin Renqiang Min

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for modern generative modeling, demonstrating strong potential for large language models (LLMs). Unlike conventional autoregressive (AR) models that generate tokens sequentially,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai

While diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image generation with their ability to synthesize realistic and diverse scenes, they continue to struggle to generate consistent and legible text within images. This shortcoming is commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tianyu Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Lu Li , Zhenghan Tai , Jijun Chi , Jingrui Tian , Hailin He , Suyuchen Wang

Safe and successful deployment of robots requires not only the ability to generate complex plans but also the capacity to frequently replan and correct execution errors. This paper addresses the challenge of long-horizon trajectory planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zeyu Feng , Hao Luan , Kevin Yuchen Ma , Harold Soh

In this paper, we propose an event-driven Limit Order Book (LOB) model that captures twelve of the most observed LOB events in exchange-based financial markets. To model these events, we propose using the state-of-the-art Neural Hawkes…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-19 Luca Lalor , Anatoliy Swishchuk

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have become the state-of-the-art in high-quality image generation. However, DPMs have an arbitrary noisy latent space with no interpretable or controllable semantics. Although there has been significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Aneesh Komanduri , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen , Xintao Wu

Generative models have achieved remarkable success in image, video, and text domains. Inspired by this, researchers have explored utilizing generative models to generate neural network parameters. However, these efforts have been limited by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Xiaolong Jin , Kai Wang , Dongwen Tang , Wangbo Zhao , Yukun Zhou , Junshu Tang , Yang You

Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Minshuo Chen , Song Mei , Jianqing Fan , Mengdi Wang

With global urbanization, the focus on sustainable cities has largely grown, driving research into equity, resilience, and urban planning, which often relies on mobility data. The rise of web-based apps and mobile devices has provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yuheng Zhang , Yuan Yuan , Jingtao Ding , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Layout Generation aims to synthesize plausible arrangements from given elements. Currently, the predominant methods in layout generation are Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and diffusion models, each presenting its own set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhaoxing Gan , Guangnan Ye

This survey paper provides a comprehensive review of the use of diffusion models in natural language processing (NLP). Diffusion models are a class of mathematical models that aim to capture the diffusion of information or signals across a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hao Zou , Zae Myung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Diffusion language models (DLMs) enable parallel, order-agnostic generation with iterative refinement, offering a flexible alternative to autoregressive large language models (LLMs). However, adapting reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Kevin Rojas , Jiahe Lin , Kashif Rasul , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Molei Tao , Wei Deng

Recent work by Chatzi et al. and Ravfogel et al. has developed, for the first time, a method for generating counterfactuals of probabilistic Large Language Models. Such counterfactuals tell us what would - or might - have been the output of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sander Beckers

Most end-to-end autonomous driving methods rely on imitation learning from single expert demonstrations, often leading to conservative and homogeneous behaviors that limit generalization in complex real-world scenarios. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ziying Song , Lin Liu , Hongyu Pan , Bencheng Liao , Mingzhe Guo , Lei Yang , Yongchang Zhang , Shaoqing Xu , Caiyan Jia , Yadan Luo

Diffusion-based generative models have achieved promising results recently, but raise an array of open questions in terms of conceptual understanding, theoretical analysis, algorithm improvement and extensions to discrete, structured,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Xingchao Liu , Lemeng Wu , Mao Ye , Qiang Liu

This study investigates human-computer interface generation based on diffusion models to overcome the limitations of traditional template-based design and fixed rule-driven methods. It first analyzes the key challenges of interface…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Rui Liu , Liuqingqing Yang , Runsheng Zhang , Shixiao Wang

Originating from the diffusion phenomenon in physics that describes particle movement, the diffusion generative models inherit the characteristics of stochastic random walk in the data space along the denoising trajectory. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ruoyu Wang , Yongqi Yang , Zhihao Qian , Ye Zhu , Yu Wu

Real-world control systems require policies that are not only high-performing but also interpretable and robust. A promising direction toward this goal is model-based control, which learns system dynamics and cost functions from historical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Yuexin Bian , Jie Feng , Yuanyuan Shi