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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive results on a variety of text understanding tasks. Search queries though pose a unique challenge, given their short-length and lack of nuance or context. Complicated feature engineering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Krishna Srinivasan , Karthik Raman , Anupam Samanta , Lingrui Liao , Luca Bertelli , Mike Bendersky

Knowledge distillation can be a cost-effective technique to distill knowledge in Large Language Models, if the teacher output logits can be pre-computed and cached. However, successfully applying this to pre-training remains largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Anshumann , Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Akhil Kedia , Jinwoo Ahn , Taehwak Kwon , Kangwook Lee , Haejun Lee , Joohyung Lee

The current winning recipe for automatic summarization is using proprietary large-scale language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT as is, or imitation learning from them as teacher models. While increasingly ubiquitous dependence on such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Jaehun Jung , Ximing Lu , Liwei Jiang , Faeze Brahman , Peter West , Pang Wei Koh , Yejin Choi

As foundational tools in natural language processing, Large Language Models (LLMs) have immense parameter scales, which makes deployment and inference increasingly prohibitive, especially in resource-constrained devices. Therefore,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Lingxiao Li , Yihao Wang , Jiacheng Fan , Jing Li , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Fei Gao

Distilling robust reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs) into smaller, computationally efficient student models remains an unresolved challenge. Despite recent advances, distilled models frequently suffer from superficial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Song Wang , Jundong Li , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu

In spite of strong performance achieved by LLMs, the costs of their deployment are unaffordable. For the compression of LLMs, gradient-based pruning methods present promising effectiveness. However, in these methods, the gradient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Hourun Zhu , Chengchao Shen

Reasoning-centric large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating intermediate reasoning trajectories, but often incur excessive token usage and high inference-time decoding cost. We observe that, when solving the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Han Yang , Mingyan Wu , Bailan He , Zeyu Cao , Sikuan Yan , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Zifeng Ding

Representation learning has been evolving from traditional supervised training to Contrastive Learning (CL) and Masked Image Modeling (MIM). Previous works have demonstrated their pros and cons in specific scenarios, i.e., CL and supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Bowen Shi , Xiaopeng Zhang , Yaoming Wang , Jin Li , Wenrui Dai , Junni Zou , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is one of the approaches to reduce the size of Large Language Models (LLMs). A LLM with smaller number of model parameters (student) is trained to mimic the performance of a LLM of a larger size (teacher model)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rishika Sen , Sujoy Roychowdhury , Sumit Soman , H. G. Ranjani , Srikhetra Mohanty

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in customer support is constrained by hallucination (generating false information) and the high cost of proprietary models. To address these challenges, we propose a retrieval-augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ashley Lewis , Michael White , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Kieran Parsons , Ye Wang

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a powerful paradigm for compressing large language models (LLMs), whose effectiveness depends on intertwined choices of divergence direction, optimization strategy, and data regime. We break down the design of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Wenhong Zhu , Ruobing Xie , Rui Wang , Pengfei Liu

The remarkable performance of the pre-trained language model (LM) using self-supervised learning has led to a major paradigm shift in the study of natural language processing. In line with these changes, leveraging the performance of speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mun-Hak Lee , Joon-Hyuk Chang

LLMs are increasingly explored for bundle generation, thanks to their reasoning capabilities and knowledge. However, deploying large-scale LLMs introduces significant efficiency challenges, primarily high computational costs during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Kaidong Feng , Zhu Sun , Jie Yang , Hui Fang , Xinghua Qu , Wenyuan Liu

Pretrained language models have led to significant performance gains in many NLP tasks. However, the intensive computing resources to train such models remain an issue. Knowledge distillation alleviates this problem by learning a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Linqing Liu , Huan Wang , Jimmy Lin , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Distilling the thinking traces of a Large Language Model (LLM) with reasoning capabilities into a smaller model has been proven effective. Yet, there is a scarcity of work done on how model performances scale with the quantity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Muyu He , Muhammad Ali Shafique , Anand Kumar , Tsach Mackey , Nazneen Rajani

Large Language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, where a LLM makes predictions for a given test input together with a few input-output pairs (demonstrations). Nevertheless, the inclusion of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Yichuan Li , Xiyao Ma , Sixing Lu , Kyumin Lee , Xiaohu Liu , Chenlei Guo

Market making (MM) through Reinforcement Learning (RL) has attracted significant attention in financial trading. With the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), more and more attempts are being made to apply LLMs to financial areas. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Tianhao Fu , Xinxin Xu , Weichen Xu , Jue Chen , Ruilong Ren , Bowen Deng , Xinyu Zhao , Jian Cao , Xixin Cao

This study proposes a knowledge distillation algorithm based on large language models and feature alignment, aiming to effectively transfer the knowledge of large pre-trained models into lightweight student models, thereby reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Shuo Wang , Chihang Wang , Jia Gao , Zhen Qi , Hongye Zheng , Xiaoxuan Liao

Large-scale language models have recently demonstrated impressive empirical performance. Nevertheless, the improved results are attained at the price of bigger models, more power consumption, and slower inference, which hinder their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Kevin J Liang , Weituo Hao , Dinghan Shen , Yufan Zhou , Weizhu Chen , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

Knowledge Distillation (KD) for Large Language Models (LLMs) has become increasingly important as models grow in size and complexity. While existing distillation approaches focus on imitating teacher behavior, they often overlook the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuang Cai , Yuyu Yuan