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Building a unified visual tokenizer is essential for bridging the gap between visual understanding and generation. Yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent conflict between these tasks, as a single token space is forced to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiwei Guo , Shaobin Zhuang , Zhipeng Huang , Canmiao Fu , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Yali Wang

VQ-based image generation typically follows a two-stage pipeline: a tokenizer encodes images into discrete tokens, and a generative model learns their dependencies for reconstruction. However, improved tokenization in the first stage does…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Bin Wu , Mengqi Huang , Weinan Jia , Zhendong Mao

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models are effective at producing semantically aligned images, but their reliance on training data distributions limits their ability to synthesize truly novel, out-of-distribution concepts. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Fu Feng , Yucheng Xie , Xu Yang , Jing Wang , Xin Geng

We present TokenCompose, a Latent Diffusion Model for text-to-image generation that achieves enhanced consistency between user-specified text prompts and model-generated images. Despite its tremendous success, the standard denoising process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zirui Wang , Zhizhou Sha , Zheng Ding , Yilin Wang , Zhuowen Tu

We present a new perspective of achieving image synthesis by viewing this task as a visual token generation problem. Different from existing paradigms that directly synthesize a full image from a single input (e.g., a latent code), the new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Yanhong Zeng , Huan Yang , Hongyang Chao , Jianbo Wang , Jianlong Fu

We present SceneTok, a novel tokenizer for encoding view sets of scenes into a compressed and diffusable set of unstructured tokens. Existing approaches for 3D scene representation and generation commonly use 3D data structures or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Mohammad Asim , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen

In recent years, image generation has shown a great leap in performance, where diffusion models play a central role. Although generating high-quality images, such models are mainly conditioned on textual descriptions. This begs the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Guy Yariv , Itai Gat , Lior Wolf , Yossi Adi , Idan Schwartz

Recent advances in multimodal models highlight the pivotal role of image tokenization in high-resolution image generation. By compressing images into compact latent representations, tokenizers enable generative models to operate in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Qihang Rao , Borui Zhang , Wenzhao Zheng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Bridging different modalities lies at the heart of cross-modality generation. While conventional approaches treat the text modality as a conditioning signal that gradually guides the denoising process from Gaussian noise to the target image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ju He , Qihang Yu , Qihao Liu , Liang-Chieh Chen

Existing state-of-the-art image tokenization methods leverage diverse semantic features from pre-trained vision models for additional supervision, to expand the distribution of latent representations and thereby improve the quality of image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Xuan Zhao , Zhongyu Zhang , Yuge Huang , Yuxi Mi , Guodong Mu , Shouhong Ding , Jun Wang , Rizen Guo , Shuigeng Zhou

In this work, we propose aligning pretrained visual encoders to serve as tokenizers for latent diffusion models in image generation. Unlike training a variational autoencoder (VAE) from scratch, which primarily emphasizes low-level details,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bowei Chen , Sai Bi , Hao Tan , He Zhang , Tianyuan Zhang , Zhengqi Li , Yuanjun Xiong , Jianming Zhang , Kai Zhang

Despite their fundamental role, it remains unclear what properties could make tokenizers more effective for generative modeling. We observe that modern generative models share a conceptually similar training objective -- reconstructing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jiawei Yang , Tianhong Li , Lijie Fan , Yonglong Tian , Yue Wang

Image tokenization, the process of transforming raw image pixels into a compact low-dimensional latent representation, has proven crucial for scalable and efficient image generation. However, mainstream image tokenization methods generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kaiwen Zha , Lijun Yu , Alireza Fathi , David A. Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Dina Katabi , Xiuye Gu

Visual generative models based on latent space have achieved great success, underscoring the significance of visual tokenization. Mapping images to latents boosts efficiency and enables multimodal alignment for scaling up in downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yunpeng Qu , Kaidong Zhang , Yukang Ding , Ying Chen , Jian Wang

Token compression expedites the training and inference of Vision Transformers (ViTs) by reducing the number of the redundant tokens, e.g., pruning inattentive tokens or merging similar tokens. However, when applied to downstream tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Jianyuan Guo , Zhi-Hong Deng , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Prior motion generation largely follows two paradigms: continuous diffusion models that excel at kinematic control, and discrete token-based generators that are effective for semantic conditioning. To combine their strengths, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Chenyang Gu , Mingyuan Zhang , Haozhe Xie , Zhongang Cai , Lei Yang , Ziwei Liu

Visual tokenizer is a critical component for vision generation. However, the existing tokenizers often face unsatisfactory trade-off between compression ratios and reconstruction fidelity. To fill this gap, we introduce a powerful and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shaobin Zhuang , Yiwei Guo , Canmiao Fu , Zhipeng Huang , Zeyue Tian , Xiaohui Li , Fangyikang Wang , Ying Zhang , Chen Li , Yali Wang

We introduce Representation Tokenizer (RepTok), a generative modeling framework that represents an image using a single continuous latent token obtained from self-supervised vision transformers. Building on a pre-trained SSL encoder, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Timy Phan , Felix Krause , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista , Björn Ommer

Token-based masked generative models are gaining popularity for their fast inference time with parallel decoding. While recent token-based approaches achieve competitive performance to diffusion-based models, their generation performance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Jaewoong Lee , Sangwon Jang , Jaehyeong Jo , Jaehong Yoon , Yunji Kim , Jin-Hwa Kim , Jung-Woo Ha , Sung Ju Hwang

Visual tokenization via auto-encoding empowers state-of-the-art image and video generative models by compressing pixels into a latent space. Although scaling Transformer-based generators has been central to recent advances, the tokenizer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Philippe Hansen-Estruch , David Yan , Ching-Yao Chung , Orr Zohar , Jialiang Wang , Tingbo Hou , Tao Xu , Sriram Vishwanath , Peter Vajda , Xinlei Chen
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