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Cross-modal retrieval between visual data and natural language description remains a long-standing challenge in multimedia. While recent image-text retrieval methods offer great promise by learning deep representations aligned across…

Pre-training of text and layout has proved effective in a variety of visually-rich document understanding tasks due to its effective model architecture and the advantage of large-scale unlabeled scanned/digital-born documents. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Yang Xu , Yiheng Xu , Tengchao Lv , Lei Cui , Furu Wei , Guoxin Wang , Yijuan Lu , Dinei Florencio , Cha Zhang , Wanxiang Che , Min Zhang , Lidong Zhou

Multimodal learning has demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over unimodal architectures. However, multimodal learning methods often exhibit deteriorated performances if one or more modalities are missing. This may be attributed…

Recent advancements in self-supervised learning have led to powerful surgical vision encoders capable of spatiotemporal understanding. However, extending these visual foundations to multi-modal reasoning tasks is severely bottlenecked by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Chengan Che , Chao Wang , Jiayuan Huang , Xinyue Chen , Luis C. Garcia-Peraza-Herrera

Visual grounding is a promising path toward more robust and accurate Natural Language Processing (NLP) models. Many multimodal extensions of BERT (e.g., VideoBERT, LXMERT, VL-BERT) allow a joint modeling of texts and images that lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Damien Sileo

Text-image cross-modal retrieval is a challenging task in the field of language and vision. Most previous approaches independently embed images and sentences into a joint embedding space and compare their similarities. However, previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Zihao Wang , Xihui Liu , Hongsheng Li , Lu Sheng , Junjie Yan , Xiaogang Wang , Jing Shao

The natural world is abundant with concepts expressed via visual, acoustic, tactile, and linguistic modalities. Much of the existing progress in multimodal learning, however, focuses primarily on problems where the same set of modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Paul Pu Liang , Peter Wu , Liu Ziyin , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Integrating image and text data through multi-modal learning has emerged as a new approach in medical imaging research, following its successful deployment in computer vision. While considerable efforts have been dedicated to establishing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Fereshteh Shakeri , Yunshi Huang , Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Houda Bahig , An Tang , Jose Dolz , Ismail Ben Ayed

Molecular representation learning plays a crucial role in advancing applications such as drug discovery and material design. Existing work leverages 2D and 3D modalities of molecular information for pre-training, aiming to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tengwei Song , Min Wu , Yuan Fang

In this work, we propose an effective approach for training unique embedding representations by combining three simultaneous modalities: image and spoken and textual narratives. The proposed methodology departs from a baseline system that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Benet Oriol , Jordi Luque , Ferran Diego , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

Vision-language models encode images and text in a joint space, minimizing the distance between corresponding image and text pairs. How are language and images organized in this joint space, and how do the models encode meaning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Isabel Papadimitriou , Huangyuan Su , Thomas Fel , Sham Kakade , Stephanie Gil

Real-world time series come with text: metadata, descriptions, news, reports. Yet time series foundation models process numerical sequences in isolation, and the multimodal text-and-time-series models that attempt to bridge the two all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Paul Quinlan , Jeremy Levasseur , Qingguo Li , Xiaodan Zhu

Large vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP have demonstrated good zero-shot learning performance in the unsupervised domain adaptation task. Yet, most transfer approaches for VLMs focus on either the language or visual branches,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Xinyao Li , Yuke Li , Zhekai Du , Fengling Li , Ke Lu , Jingjing Li

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have exhibited remarkable performance across various downstream tasks by aligning text and images in a unified embedding space. However, due to the imbalanced distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yunfan Yang , Chaoquan Jiang , Zhiyu Lin , Jinlin Xiao , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang

Image captioning model is a cross-modality knowledge discovery task, which targets at automatically describing an image with an informative and coherent sentence. To generate the captions, the previous encoder-decoder frameworks directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Ziwei Wang , Yadan Luo , Zi Huang

Image captioning has drawn considerable attention from the natural language processing and computer vision fields. Aiming to reduce the reliance on curated data, several studies have explored image captioning without any humanly-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Rui Fonseca , Bruno Martins , Gil Rocha

We propose a method to fuse frozen text-only large language models (LLMs) with pre-trained image encoder and decoder models, by mapping between their embedding spaces. Our model demonstrates a wide suite of multimodal capabilities: image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jing Yu Koh , Daniel Fried , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) has recently attracted significant attention due to its broad applicability across diverse downstream tasks. However, it remains unclear whether the superior performance of VLMs stems from genuine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yige Xu , Yongjie Wang , Zizhuo Wu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Converting different modalities into generalized text, which then serves as input prompts for large language models (LLMs), is a common approach for aligning multimodal models, particularly when pairwise data is limited. Text-centric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yun-Da Tsai , Ting-Yu Yen , Keng-Te Liao , Shou-De Lin

Multi-modal 3D object understanding has gained significant attention, yet current approaches often assume complete data availability and rigid alignment across all modalities. We present CrossOver, a novel framework for cross-modal 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Sayan Deb Sarkar , Ondrej Miksik , Marc Pollefeys , Daniel Barath , Iro Armeni
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