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Representation learning of textual networks poses a significant challenge as it involves capturing amalgamated information from two modalities: (i) underlying network structure, and (ii) node textual attributes. For this, most existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Tony Gracious , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Current language models have been criticised for learning language from text alone without connection between words and their meaning. Consequently, multimodal training has been proposed as a way for creating models with better language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Lovisa Hagström , Richard Johansson

Despite an exciting new wave of multimodal machine learning models, current approaches still struggle to interpret the complex contextual relationships between the different modalities present in videos. Going beyond existing methods that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Laura Hanu , Anita L. Verő , James Thewlis

In recent years, pre-trained visual-linguistic models have demonstrated tremendous potential, becoming a crucial foundational framework for numerous downstream tasks. However, the information density between text and images is not uniformly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mengyuan Tian , Qiyan Zhao , Yanan Wang , Da-Han Wang

Semantic retrieval of remote sensing (RS) images is a critical task fundamentally challenged by the \textquote{semantic gap}, the discrepancy between a model's low-level visual features and high-level human concepts. While large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 J. Xiao , Y. Guo , X. Zi , K. Thiyagarajan , C. Moreira , M. Prasad

The capability to jointly process multi-modal information is becoming an essential task. However, the limited number of paired multi-modal data and the large computational requirements in multi-modal learning hinder the development. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Minsu Kim , Jee-weon Jung , Hyeongseop Rha , Soumi Maiti , Siddhant Arora , Xuankai Chang , Shinji Watanabe , Yong Man Ro

Many contrastive learning based models have achieved advanced performance in image-text matching tasks. The key of these models lies in analyzing the correlation between image-text pairs, which involves cross-modal interaction of embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Xiang Ma , Xuemei Li , Lexin Fang , Caiming Zhang

Multimodal foundation models aim to create a unified representation space that abstracts away from surface features like language syntax or modality differences. To investigate this, we study the internal representations of three recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hyunji Lee , Danni Liu , Supriti Sinhamahapatra , Jan Niehues

Cross-modal generalization aims to learn a shared discrete representation space from multimodal pairs, enabling knowledge transfer across unannotated modalities. However, achieving a unified representation for all modality pairs requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yan Xia , Hai Huang , Minghui Fang , Zhou Zhao

The success of vision-language models is primarily attributed to effective alignment across modalities such as vision and language. However, modality gaps persist in existing alignment algorithms and appear necessary for human perception as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hanqi Yan , Xiangxiang Cui , Lu Yin , Jindong Gu , Paul Pu Liang , Yulan He , Yifei Wang

Pre-trained vision-language models have notably accelerated progress of open-world concept recognition. Their impressive zero-shot ability has recently been transferred to multi-label image classification via prompt tuning, enabling to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Xuelin Zhu , Jiuxin Cao , Jian liu , Dongqi Tang , Furong Xu , Weijia Liu , Jiawei Ge , Bo Liu , Qingpei Guo , Tianyi Zhang

Information extraction, e.g., attribute value extraction, has been extensively studied and formulated based only on text. However, many attributes can benefit from image-based extraction, like color, shape, pattern, among others. The visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Hejie Cui , Rongmei Lin , Nasser Zalmout , Chenwei Zhang , Jingbo Shang , Carl Yang , Xian Li

Despite their success, unsupervised domain adaptation methods for semantic segmentation primarily focus on adaptation between image domains and do not utilize other abundant visual modalities like depth, infrared and event. This limitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Ruihao Xia , Yu Liang , Peng-Tao Jiang , Hao Zhang , Bo Li , Yang Tang , Pan Zhou

Multimodal deep learning systems which employ multiple modalities like text, image, audio, video, etc., are showing better performance in comparison with individual modalities (i.e., unimodal) systems. Multimodal machine learning involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Anil Rahate , Rahee Walambe , Sheela Ramanna , Ketan Kotecha

We present LMFusion, a framework for empowering pretrained text-only large language models (LLMs) with multimodal generative capabilities, enabling them to understand and generate both text and images in arbitrary sequences. LMFusion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Weijia Shi , Xiaochuang Han , Chunting Zhou , Weixin Liang , Xi Victoria Lin , Luke Zettlemoyer , Lili Yu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance in cross-modal understanding across textual and visual inputs, yet existing benchmarks predominantly focus on pure-text queries. In real-world scenarios, language also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qing'an Liu , Juntong Feng , Yuhao Wang , Xinzhe Han , Yujie Cheng , Yue Zhu , Haiwen Diao , Yunzhi Zhuge , Huchuan Lu

The last year has seen astonishing progress in text-prompted image generation premised on the idea of a cross-modal representation space in which the text and image domains are represented jointly. In ASR, this idea has found application as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Cal Peyser , Zhong Meng , Ke Hu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Andrew Rosenberg , Tara N. Sainath , Michael Picheny , Kyunghyun Cho

Pre-trained multi-modal Vision-Language Models like CLIP are widely used off-the-shelf for a variety of applications. In this paper, we show that the common practice of individually exploiting the text or image encoders of these powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Marco Mistretta , Alberto Baldrati , Lorenzo Agnolucci , Marco Bertini , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Despite the recent achievements made in the multi-modal emotion recognition task, two problems still exist and have not been well investigated: 1) the relationship between different emotion categories are not utilized, which leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Wenliang Dai , Zihan Liu , Tiezheng Yu , Pascale Fung

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) enables models trained on a labeled source domain to handle new unlabeled domains. Recently, pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot performance by leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xinyao Li , Jingjing Li , Zhekai Du , Lei Zhu , Heng Tao Shen