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Supervised machine learning and deep learning require a large amount of labeled data, which data scientists obtain in a manual, and time-consuming annotation process. To mitigate this challenge, Active Learning (AL) proposes promising data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Philipp Kohl , Nils Freyer , Yoka Krämer , Henri Werth , Steffen Wolf , Bodo Kraft , Matthias Meinecke , Albert Zündorf

Multi-agent systems (MAS) increasingly solve complex tasks by orchestrating agents and tools selected from rapidly growing marketplaces. As these marketplaces expand, many candidates become functionally overlapping, making selection not…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xinyuan Song , Liang Zhao

Data marketplaces, which mediate the purchase and exchange of data from third parties, have attracted growing attention for reducing the cost and effort of data collection while enabling the trading of diverse datasets. However, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jun Sashihara , Yukihisa Fujita , Kota Nakamura , Masahiro Kuwahara , Teruaki Hayashi

We find that, simply via a sampling-and-voting method, the performance of large language models (LLMs) scales with the number of agents instantiated. Also, this method, termed as Agent Forest, is orthogonal to existing complicated methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Junyou Li , Qin Zhang , Yangbin Yu , Qiang Fu , Deheng Ye

Large Language Model (LLM)-empowered multi-agent systems extend the cognitive boundaries of individual agents through disciplined collaboration and interaction, while constructing these systems often requires labor-intensive manual designs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guibin Zhang , Luyang Niu , Junfeng Fang , Kun Wang , Lei Bai , Xiang Wang

Production agentic systems make many model calls per user request, and most of those calls are short, structured, and routine. This raises a practical routing question that existing evaluations do not directly answer: which parts of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ranit Karmakar , Jayita Chatterjee

The financial market is a mission-critical playground for AI agents due to its temporal dynamics and low signal-to-noise ratio. Building an effective algorithmic trading system may require a professional team to develop and test over the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jifeng Li , Arnav Grover , Abraham Alpuerto , Yupeng Cao , Xiao-Yang Liu

In recent years, LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have advanced rapidly, using a router to decompose tasks and delegate subtasks to specialized agents. A natural way to expand capability is to scale up the agent pool by continually…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shuai Shao , Yixiang Liu , Bingwei Lu , Weinan Zhang

Speculative decoding is widely adopted to reduce latency in large language model (LLM) inference by leveraging smaller draft models capable of handling diverse user tasks. However, emerging AI applications, such as LLM-based agents, present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Jia , Daniel Campos , Aurick Qiao

Multi-agent LLM workflows route inference through specialized roles to lift end-task accuracy, but jointly training those roles with reinforcement learning is unstable in ways that are poorly understood. We study when end-to-end RL training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yifan Zeng , Yiran Wu , Yaolun Zhang , Wentian Zhao , Kun Wan , Qingyun Wu , Huazheng Wang

Long-horizon agentic search requires iteratively exploring the web over long trajectories and synthesizing information across many sources, and is the foundation for enabling powerful applications like deep research systems. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Howard Yen , Ashwin Paranjape , Mengzhou Xia , Thejas Venkatesh , Jack Hessel , Danqi Chen , Yuhao Zhang

Scaling test-time compute has emerged as an effective strategy for improving the performance of large language models. However, existing methods typically allocate compute uniformly across all queries, overlooking variation in query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bowen Zuo , Yinglun Zhu

Recent advancements in AI have sparked a trend in constructing large, generalist language models that handle a multitude of tasks, including many code-related ones. While these models are expensive to train and are often closed-source, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Manisha Mukherjee , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

AI agents are an exciting new research direction, and agent development is driven by benchmarks. Our analysis of current agent benchmarks and evaluation practices reveals several shortcomings that hinder their usefulness in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Sayash Kapoor , Benedikt Stroebl , Zachary S. Siegel , Nitya Nadgir , Arvind Narayanan

Large language model (LLM) based agents are increasingly used to tackle software engineering tasks that require multi-step reasoning and code modification, demonstrating promising yet limited performance. However, most existing LLM agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hiroaki Hayashi , Bo Pang , Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Akash Gokul , Srijan Bansal , Caiming Xiong , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou

Agentic AI systems built on large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential for automating complex workflows, from software development to customer support. However, LLM agents often underperform due to suboptimal configurations;…

Domain reweighting is an emerging research area aimed at adjusting the relative weights of different data sources to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of LLM pre-training. We show that data mixtures that perform well at smaller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Feiyang Kang , Yifan Sun , Bingbing Wen , Si Chen , Dawn Song , Rafid Mahmood , Ruoxi Jia

We study how AI agents form expectations and trade in experimental asset markets. Using a simulated open-call auction populated by autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents, we document three main findings. First, AI agents exhibit…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-21 Shumiao Ouyang , Pengfei Sui

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in deploying LLM agents to undertake tasks in the world. LLMs are often deployed in agent systems: code that orchestrates LLM calls and provides them with tools. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Maxime Robeyns , Martin Szummer , Laurence Aitchison

This paper introduces the targeted sampling model in optimal auction design. In this model, the seller may specify a quantile interval and sample from a buyer's prior restricted to the interval. This can be interpreted as allowing the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yihang Hu , Zhiyi Huang , Yiheng Shen , Xiangning Wang