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Designing effective data manipulation methods is a long standing problem in data lakes. Traditional methods, which rely on rules or machine learning models, require extensive human efforts on training data collection and tuning models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Yichen Qian , Yongyi He , Rong Zhu , Jintao Huang , Zhijian Ma , Haibin Wang , Yaohua Wang , Xiuyu Sun , Defu Lian , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have demonstrated their effectiveness for a broad range of information retrieval and natural language processing tasks. As the core part of PLM, multi-head self-attention is appealing for its ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Shanshan Wang , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Huasheng Liang , Qiang Yan , Pengjie Ren

Activation steering methods enable inference-time control of large language model (LLM) behavior without retraining, but current approaches face a fundamental trade-off: sample-efficient methods suboptimally capture steering signals from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kartik Sharma , Rakshit S. Trivedi

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and related fields. However, fine-tuning these models for specific tasks remains computationally expensive and risks degrading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Md Kowsher , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Prakash Bhat

Current instruction-tuned language models are exclusively trained with textual preference data and thus are often not aligned with the unique requirements of other modalities, such as speech. To better align language models with the speech…

Large language models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but raise cost and privacy concerns, whereas small language models (SLMs) facilitate efficient and private local inference yet suffer from limited capacity. To synergize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hang Zeng , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Jiarui Zhang , Shaojie Tang , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Motivated by scaling laws in language modeling that demonstrate how test loss scales as a power law with model and dataset sizes, we find that similar laws exist in preference modeling. We propose World Preference Modeling$ (WorldPM) to…

While the real world is inherently stochastic, Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly evaluated on single-round inference against fixed ground truths. In this work, we shift the lens to distribution alignment: assessing whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yanbei Jiang , Amr Keleg , Ryandito Diandaru , Jey Han Lau , Lea Frermann , Biaoyan Fang , Fajri Koto

Our work contributes to the fast-growing literature on the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform graph-related tasks. In particular, we focus on usage scenarios that rely on the visual modality, feeding the model with a drawing of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Walter Didimo , Fabrizio Montecchiani , Tommaso Piselli

Auditing Large Language Models (LLMs) to discover their biases and preferences is an emerging challenge in creating Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI). While various methods have been proposed to elicit the preferences of such models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Leif Azzopardi , Yashar Moshfeghi

Multi-Objective Alignment aims to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse and often conflicting human values by optimizing multiple objectives simultaneously. Existing methods predominantly rely on static preference weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenzhe Xu , Biao Liu , Yiyang Sun , Xin Geng , Ning Xu

Human reasoning involves different strategies, each suited to specific problems. Prior work shows that large language model (LLMs) tend to favor a single reasoning strategy, potentially limiting their effectiveness in diverse reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yanjian Zhang , Guillaume Wisniewski , Nadi Tomeh , Thierry Charnois

Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have reached remarkable levels of proficiency in understanding multimodal inputs. However, understanding and interpreting the behavior of such complex models is a challenging task, not to mention the dynamic shifts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Pegah Khayatan , Mustafa Shukor , Jayneel Parekh , Arnaud Dapogny , Matthieu Cord

Motivated by the progress made by large language models (LLMs), we introduce the framework of verbalized machine learning (VML). In contrast to conventional machine learning (ML) models that are typically optimized over a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tim Z. Xiao , Robert Bamler , Bernhard Schölkopf , Weiyang Liu

Model alignment with human preferences is an essential step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) helpful and consistent with human values. It typically consists of supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yi Dong , Zhilin Wang , Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Xianchao Wu , Oleksii Kuchaiev

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to exhibit social, demographic, and gender biases, often as a consequence of the data on which they are trained. In this work, we adopt a mechanistic interpretability approach to analyze how such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Bhavik Chandna , Zubair Bashir , Procheta Sen

Effectively modeling the dynamic nature of user preferences is crucial for enhancing recommendation accuracy and fostering transparency in recommender systems. Traditional user profiling often overlooks the distinction between transitory…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

Model steering represents a powerful technique that dynamically aligns large language models (LLMs) with human preferences during inference. However, conventional model-steering methods rely heavily on externally annotated data, not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rongyi Zhu , Yuhui Wang , Tanqiu Jiang , Jiacheng Liang , Ting Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in abstractive summarization tasks. However, their ability to precisely control summary attributes (e.g., length or topic) remains underexplored, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sangwon Ryu , Heejin Do , Daehee Kim , Hwanjo Yu , Dongwoo Kim , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee , Jungseul Ok

As the development and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance rapidly, enhancing their trustworthiness and aligning them with human preferences has become a critical area of research. Traditional methods rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Yuxin Xiao , Chaoqun Wan , Yonggang Zhang , Wenxiao Wang , Binbin Lin , Xiaofei He , Xu Shen , Jieping Ye