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Link prediction on graphs has applications spanning from recommender systems to drug discovery. Temporal link prediction (TLP) refers to predicting future links in a temporally evolving graph and adds additional complexity related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ayan Chatterjee , Barbara Ikica , Babak Ravandi , John Palowitch

Most neural models of causality assume static causal graphs, failing to capture the dynamic and sparse nature of physical interactions where causal relationships emerge and dissolve over time. We introduce the Causal Process Framework and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Turan Orujlu , Christian Gumbsch , Martin V. Butz , Charley M Wu

Temporal Interaction Graphs (TIGs) are widely utilized to represent real-world systems. To facilitate representation learning on TIGs, researchers have proposed a series of TIG models. However, these models are still facing two tough gaps…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Xi Chen , Siwei Zhang , Yun Xiong , Xixi Wu , Jiawei Zhang , Xiangguo Sun , Yao Zhang , Feng Zhao , Yulin Kang

Forecasting future links is a central task in temporal graph (TG) reasoning, requiring models to leverage historical interactions to predict upcoming ones. Traditional neural approaches, such as temporal graph neural networks, achieve…

The present study explores the intricacies of causal relationship extraction, a vital component in the pursuit of causality knowledge. Causality is frequently intertwined with temporal elements, as the progression from cause to effect is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Xiaosong Yuan , Ke Chen , Wanli Zuo , Yijia Zhang

We present a general causal generative modelling framework for accurate estimation of high fidelity image counterfactuals with deep structural causal models. Estimation of interventional and counterfactual queries for high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Tian Xia , Miguel Monteiro , Nick Pawlowski , Ben Glocker

Temporal graphs are widely used to model dynamic systems with time-varying interactions. In real-world scenarios, the underlying mechanisms of generating future interactions in dynamic systems are typically governed by a set of recurring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jialin Chen , Rex Ying

We present a constraint-based algorithm for learning causal structures from observational time-series data, in the presence of latent confounders. We assume a discrete-time, stationary structural vector autoregressive process, with both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Raanan Y. Rohekar , Shami Nisimov , Yaniv Gurwicz , Gal Novik

Humans use causality and hypothetical retrospection in their daily decision-making, planning, and understanding of life events. The human mind, while retrospecting a given situation, think about questions such as "What was the cause of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Utkarshani Jaimini , Amit Sheth

Learning to predict missing links is important for many graph-based applications. Existing methods were designed to learn the association between observed graph structure and existence of link between a pair of nodes. However, the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Tong Zhao , Gang Liu , Daheng Wang , Wenhao Yu , Meng Jiang

Difference-in-Differences (DiD) is a widely used research design that often relies on a conditional parallel trends (CPT) assumption. In contrast to settings with unconfoundedness, where causal graphs provide powerful frameworks for…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-15 Michael C. Knaus , Henri Pfleiderer

Recent work has questioned the reliability of graph learning benchmarks, citing concerns around task design, methodological rigor, and data suitability. In this extended abstract, we contribute to this discussion by focusing on evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Filip Cornell , Oleg Smirnov , Gabriela Zarzar Gandler , Lele Cao

Estimating causal relations is vital in understanding the complex interactions in multivariate time series. Non-linear coupling of variables is one of the major challenges inaccurate estimation of cause-effect relations. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Wasim Ahmad , Maha Shadaydeh , Joachim Denzler

Large language models excel at generating fluent text but frequently struggle with structured reasoning involving temporal constraints, causal relationships, and probabilistic reasoning. To address these limitations, we propose Temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hong Qing Yu

To represent the causal relationships between variables, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is widely utilized in many areas, such as social sciences, epidemics, and genetics. Many causal structure learning approaches are developed to learn the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Jianian Wang , Rui Song

Brain network provides important insights for the diagnosis of many brain disorders, and how to effectively model the brain structure has become one of the core issues in the domain of brain imaging analysis. Recently, various computational…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-02 Zhengwang Xia , Tao Zhou , Saqib Mamoon , Amani Alfakih , Jianfeng Lu

Temporal interaction graphs (TIGs), defined by sequences of timestamped interaction events, have become ubiquitous in real-world applications due to their capability to model complex dynamic system behaviors. As a result, temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Pengfei Jiao , Hongjiang Chen , Xuan Guo , Zhidong Zhao , Dongxiao He , Di Jin

Machine learning models based on temporal point processes are the state of the art in a wide variety of applications involving discrete events in continuous time. However, these models lack the ability to answer counterfactual questions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Kimia Noorbakhsh , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Temporal Sentence Grounding (TSG) aims to identify relevant moments in an untrimmed video that semantically correspond to a given textual query. Despite existing studies having made substantial progress, they often overlook the issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kefan Tang , Lihuo He , Jisheng Dang , Xinbo Gao

In the field of Artificial Intelligence for Information Technology Operations, causal discovery is pivotal for operation and maintenance of graph construction, facilitating downstream industrial tasks such as root cause analysis. Temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Peiwen Li , Xin Wang , Zeyang Zhang , Yuan Meng , Fang Shen , Yue Li , Jialong Wang , Yang Li , Wenweu Zhu