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Using chatbots to deliver recommendations is increasingly popular. The design of recommendation chatbots has primarily been taking an information-centric approach by focusing on the recommended content per se. Limited attention is on how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Kai-Hui Liang , Weiyan Shi , Yoojung Oh , Hao-Chuan Wang , Jingwen Zhang , Zhou Yu

Hundreds of millions of people now regularly interact with large language models via chatbots. Model developers are eager to acquire new sources of high-quality training data as they race to improve model capabilities and win market share.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jennifer King , Kevin Klyman , Emily Capstick , Tiffany Saade , Victoria Hsieh

Informed consent is a core cornerstone of ethics in human subject research. Through the informed consent process, participants learn about the study procedure, benefits, risks, and more to make an informed decision. However, recent studies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Ziang Xiao , Tiffany Wenting Li , Karrie Karahalios , Hari Sundaram

Objective: Domestic abuse cases have risen significantly over the last four years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges for victims and survivors in accessing support. In this study, we investigate the role that chatbots…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Rahime Belen Saglam , Jason R. C. Nurse , Lisa Sugiura

AI-mediated communication is increasingly being utilized to help facilitate interactions; however, in privacy sensitive domains, an AI mediator has the additional challenge of considering how to preserve privacy. In these contexts, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Roshni Kaushik , Maarten Sap , Koichi Onoue

This paper delves into the realm of ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot that utilizes topic modeling and reinforcement learning to generate natural responses. Although ChatGPT holds immense promise across various industries, such as customer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Xiaodong Wu , Ran Duan , Jianbing Ni

Communication traits in text-based human-AI conversations play pivotal roles in shaping user experiences and perceptions of systems. With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), it is now feasible to analyze these traits at a more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Ananya Bhattacharjee , Jina Suh , Mahsa Ershadi , Shamsi T. Iqbal , Andrew D. Wilson , Javier Hernandez

AI-driven chatbots have become an emerging solution to address psychological distress. Due to the lack of psychotherapeutic data, researchers use dialogues scraped from online peer support forums to train them. But since the responses in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Anuradha Welivita , Pearl Pu

Social chatbots, also known as chit-chat chatbots, evolve rapidly with large pretrained language models. Despite the huge progress, privacy concerns have arisen recently: training data of large language models can be extracted via model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song , Lixin Fan

Chatbots' growing popularity has brought new challenges to HCI, having changed the patterns of human interactions with computers. The increasing need to approximate conversational interaction styles raises expectations for chatbots to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Ana Paula Chaves , Marco Aurelio Gerosa

Background: Empathy is widely recognized for improving patient outcomes, including reduced pain and anxiety and improved satisfaction, and its absence can cause harm. Meanwhile, use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Alastair Howcroft , Amber Bennett-Weston , Ahmad Khan , Joseff Griffiths , Simon Gay , Jeremy Howick

As people increasingly seek emotional support and companionship from AI chatbots, understanding how such interactions impact mental well-being becomes critical. We conducted a four-week randomized controlled experiment (n=981, >300k…

Conversational AI (CAI) systems which encompass voice- and text-based assistants are on the rise and have been largely integrated into people's everyday lives. Despite their widespread adoption, users voice concerns regarding privacy,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Anna Leschanowsky , Silas Rech , Birgit Popp , Tom Bäckström

Conversation agents, commonly referred to as chatbots, are increasingly deployed in many domains to allow people to have a natural interaction while trying to solve a specific problem. Given their widespread use, it is important to provide…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Biplav Srivastava , Francesca Rossi , Sheema Usmani , and Mariana Bernagozzi

How are AI assistants being used in the real world? While model providers in theory have a window into this impact via their users' data, both privacy concerns and practical challenges have made analyzing this data difficult. To address…

Language model (LM) agents that act on users' behalf for personal tasks (e.g., replying emails) can boost productivity, but are also susceptible to unintended privacy leakage risks. We present the first study on people's capacity to oversee…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zhiping Zhang , Bingcan Guo , Tianshi Li

LLM-driven chatbots like ChatGPT have created large volumes of conversational data, but little is known about how user privacy expectations are evolving with this technology. We conduct a survey experiment with 300 US ChatGPT users to…

This systematic literature review investigates perceptions, concerns, and expectations of young digital citizens regarding privacy in artificial intelligence (AI) systems, focusing on social media platforms, educational technology, gaming…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ajay Kumar Shrestha , Ankur Barthwal , Molly Campbell , Austin Shouli , Saad Syed , Sandhya Joshi , Julita Vassileva

The proliferation of AI agents, with their complex and context-dependent actions, renders conventional privacy paradigms obsolete. This position paper argues that the current model of privacy management, rooted in a user's unilateral…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Shuning Zhang , Ying Ma , Jingruo Chen , Simin Li , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Artificial intelligence based chatbots have brought unprecedented business potential. This study aims to explore consumers trust and response to a text-based chatbot in ecommerce, involving the moderating effects of task complexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Xusen Cheng , Ying Bao , Alex Zarifis , Wankun Gong , Jian Mou