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Imitation learning (IL) consists of a set of tools that leverage expert demonstrations to quickly learn policies. However, if the expert is suboptimal, IL can yield policies with inferior performance compared to reinforcement learning (RL).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Ching-An Cheng , Xinyan Yan , Nolan Wagener , Byron Boots

We tackle real-world long-horizon robot manipulation tasks through skill discovery. We present a bottom-up approach to learning a library of reusable skills from unsegmented demonstrations and use these skills to synthesize prolonged robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Yifeng Zhu , Peter Stone , Yuke Zhu

Skills or low-level policies in reinforcement learning are temporally extended actions that can speed up learning and enable complex behaviours. Recent work in offline reinforcement learning and imitation learning has proposed several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Valentin Villecroze , Harry J. Braviner , Panteha Naderian , Chris J. Maddison , Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem

Hierarchical policies enable strong performance in many sequential decision-making problems, such as those with high-dimensional action spaces, those requiring long-horizon planning, and settings with sparse rewards. However, learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Carolin Schmidt , Daniele Gammelli , James Harrison , Marco Pavone , Filipe Rodrigues

There has been significant recent progress in the area of unsupervised skill discovery, utilizing various information-theoretic objectives as measures of diversity. Despite these advances, challenges remain: current methods require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Marin Vlastelica , Jin Cheng , Georg Martius , Pavel Kolev

In reinforcement learning, pre-trained low-level skills have the potential to greatly facilitate exploration. However, prior knowledge of the downstream task is required to strike the right balance between generality (fine-grained control)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jonas Gehring , Gabriel Synnaeve , Andreas Krause , Nicolas Usunier

Current Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) systems for skill teaching are fragmented, and existing approaches in the literature do not offer a cohesive framework that is simultaneously efficient, intuitive, and universally safe. This paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zi-Qi Yang , Mehrdad R. Kermani

For robots operating in the real world, it is desirable to learn reusable behaviours that can effectively be transferred and adapted to numerous tasks and scenarios. We propose an approach to learn abstract motor skills from data using a…

Offline Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown potent in many safe-critical tasks in robotics where exploration is risky and expensive. However, it still struggles to acquire skills in temporally extended tasks. In this paper, we study the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Jinning Li , Chen Tang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Everyday tasks of long-horizon and comprising a sequence of multiple implicit subtasks still impose a major challenge in offline robot control. While a number of prior methods aimed to address this setting with variants of imitation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Erick Rosete-Beas , Oier Mees , Gabriel Kalweit , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard

Multi-step manipulation tasks where robots interact with their environment and must apply process forces based on the perceived situation remain challenging to learn and prone to execution errors. Accurately simulating these tasks is also…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Christoph Willibald , Dongheui Lee

We consider the problem of unsupervised skill segmentation and hierarchical structure discovery in reinforcement learning. While recent approaches have sought to segment trajectories into reusable skills or options, most rely on action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Damion Harvey , Geraud Nangue Tasse , Benjamin Rosman , Branden Ingram , Steven James

Offline multi-task reinforcement learning aims to learn a unified policy capable of solving multiple tasks using only pre-collected task-mixed datasets, without requiring any online interaction with the environment. However, it faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Jinmin He , Kai Li , Yifan Zang , Haobo Fu , Qiang Fu , Junliang Xing , Jian Cheng

When cast into the Deep Reinforcement Learning framework, many robotics tasks require solving a long horizon and sparse reward problem, where learning algorithms struggle. In such context, Imitation Learning (IL) can be a powerful approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Alexandre Chenu , Nicolas Perrin-Gilbert , Olivier Sigaud

Online Continual Learning (OCL) aims to learn from endless non\text{-}stationary data streams, yet most existing methods assume a flat label space and overlook the hierarchical organization of real\text{-}world concepts that evolves both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinrui Wang , Shao-Yuan Li , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Alexandra Gomez-Villa , Songcan Chen

Skills are effective temporal abstractions established for sequential decision making, which enable efficient hierarchical learning for long-horizon tasks and facilitate multi-task learning through their transferability. Despite extensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jiayu Chen , Tian Lan , Vaneet Aggarwal

Learning policies for complex tasks that require multiple different skills is a major challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). It is also a requirement for its deployment in real-world scenarios. This paper proposes a novel framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Tianmin Shu , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Legged locomotion is a challenging task for learning algorithms, especially when the task requires a diverse set of primitive behaviors. To solve these problems, we introduce a hierarchical framework to automatically decompose complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Deepali Jain , Atil Iscen , Ken Caluwaerts

Hierarchical reinforcement learning is a promising approach to tackle long-horizon decision-making problems with sparse rewards. Unfortunately, most methods still decouple the lower-level skill acquisition process and the training of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Alexander C. Li , Carlos Florensa , Ignasi Clavera , Pieter Abbeel

We consider the problem of learning useful robotic skills from previously collected offline data without access to manually specified rewards or additional online exploration, a setting that is becoming increasingly important for scaling…

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