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Reward Models (RMs) are critical for improving generation models via Reinforcement Learning (RL), yet the RM scaling paradigm in visual generation remains largely unexplored. It primarily due to fundamental limitations in existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Jie Wu , Yu Gao , Zilyu Ye , Ming Li , Liang Li , Hanzhong Guo , Jie Liu , Zeyue Xue , Xiaoxia Hou , Wei Liu , Yan Zeng , Weilin Huang

The high computational and memory requirements of large language model (LLM) inference make it feasible only with multiple high-end accelerators. Motivated by the emerging demand for latency-insensitive tasks with batched processing, this…

Hardware-Software Co-Design is a highly successful strategy for improving performance of domain-specific computing systems. We argue for the application of the same methodology to deep learning; specifically, we propose to extend neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Andrew Anderson , Jing Su , Rozenn Dahyot , David Gregg

Video generation requires modeling a vast spatiotemporal space, which demands significant computational resources and data usage. To reduce the complexity, the prevailing approaches employ a cascaded architecture to avoid direct training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yang Jin , Zhicheng Sun , Ningyuan Li , Kun Xu , Kun Xu , Hao Jiang , Nan Zhuang , Quzhe Huang , Yang Song , Yadong Mu , Zhouchen Lin

World generation is a fundamental capability for applications like video games, simulation, and robotics. However, existing approaches face three main obstacles: controllability, scalability, and efficiency. End-to-end scene generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Han-Hung Lee , Cheng-Yu Yang , Yu-Lun Liu , Angel X. Chang

Spatially consistent long-horizon video generation aims to maintain temporal and spatial consistency along predefined camera trajectories. Existing methods mostly entangle memory modeling with video generation, leading to inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yanjun Guo , Zhengqiang Zhang , Pengfei Wang , Xinyue Liang , Zhiyuan Ma , Lei Zhang

Scaling up hardware systems has become an important tactic for improving performance as Moore's law fades. Unfortunately, simulations of large hardware systems are often a design bottleneck due to slow throughput and long build times. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Steven Herbst , Noah Moroze , Edgar Iglesias , Andreas Olofsson

Designing mechanically efficient geometry for architectural structures like shells, towers, and bridges, is an expensive iterative process. Existing techniques for solving such inverse problems rely on traditional optimization methods,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Rafael Pastrana , Eder Medina , Isabel M. de Oliveira , Sigrid Adriaenssens , Ryan P. Adams

A key issue in system design is the lack of communication between hardware, software and domain expert. Recent research work shows progress in automatic HW/SW co-design flows of neural accelerators that seems to make this kind of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Michael J. Klaiber , Axel J. Acosta , Ingo Feldner , Falk Rehm

Large-scale Ads recommendation and auction scoring models at Google scale demand immense computational resources. While specialized hardware like TPUs have improved linear algebra computations, bottlenecks persist in large-scale systems.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-22 George Kurian , Somayeh Sardashti , Ryan Sims , Felix Berger , Gary Holt , Yang Li , Jeremiah Willcock , Kaiyuan Wang , Herve Quiroz , Abdulrahman Salem , Julian Grady

Generative AI, specifically text-to-image models, have revolutionized interior architectural design by enabling the rapid translation of conceptual ideas into visual representations from simple text prompts. While generative AI can produce…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Richa Gupta , Alexander Htet Kyaw

High level programming languages and GPU accelerators are powerful enablers for a wide range of applications. Achieving scalable vertical (within a compute node), horizontal (across compute nodes), and temporal (over different generations…

Sequential models, such as Recurrent Neural Networks and Neural Ordinary Differential Equations, have long suffered from slow training due to their inherent sequential nature. For many years this bottleneck has persisted, as many thought…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yi Heng Lim , Qi Zhu , Joshua Selfridge , Muhammad Firmansyah Kasim

Diffusion language models hold the promise of fast parallel generation, while autoregressive (AR) models typically excel in quality due to their causal structure aligning naturally with language modeling. This raises a fundamental question:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jingyu Liu , Xin Dong , Zhifan Ye , Rishabh Mehta , Yonggan Fu , Vartika Singh , Jan Kautz , Ce Zhang , Pavlo Molchanov

Recently, the surge of efficient and automated 3D AI-generated content (AIGC) methods has increasingly illuminated the path of transforming human imagination into complex 3D structures. However, the automated generation of 3D content is…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Pei Chen , Fudong Wang , Yixuan Tong , Jingdong Chen , Ming Yang , Minghui Yang

Recent generative AI models have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in language and visual understanding. However, although these models can generate realistic visual content, their spatial scale remains confined to bounded environments,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jinqi Cao , Zhiping Yu , Baihong Lin , Chenyang Liu , Zhenwei Shi , Zhengxia Zou

We present a machine-learning model for generating super-resolution $N$-body simulations with non-vanishing spatial curvature, conditioned on a given low-resolution field, $\Omega_k$, $\Omega_\mathrm{m}$, $\sigma_8$, $h$, and redshift. By…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Dennis Fremstad , Julian Adamek , David F. Mota

In the last three years, the largest dense deep learning models have grown over 1000x to reach hundreds of billions of parameters, while the GPU memory has only grown by 5x (16 GB to 80 GB). Therefore, the growth in model scale has been…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Samyam Rajbhandari , Olatunji Ruwase , Jeff Rasley , Shaden Smith , Yuxiong He

Embodied AI and robotic systems increasingly depend on scalable, diverse, and physically grounded 3D content for simulation-based training and real-world deployment. While 3D generative modeling has advanced rapidly, embodied applications…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Tianwei Ye , Yifan Mao , Minwen Liao , Jian Liu , Chunchao Guo , Dazhao Du , Quanxin Shou , Fangqi Zhu , Song Guo

In recent years, there have been several advancements in the task of image super-resolution using the state of the art Deep Learning-based architectures. Many super-resolution-based techniques previously published, require high-end and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Koushik Sivarama Krishnan , Karthik Sivarama Krishnan