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While modern Large Language Models (LLMs) and agentic artificial intelligence (AI) have demonstrated transformative capabilities in digital domains, the realization of embodied AI capable of real-world scientific discovery remains a…

While large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI agents into proficient executors of computational materials science, performing a hundred simulations does not make a researcher. What distinguishes research from routine execution is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Haonan Huang

Large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems have recently demonstrated potential for automating scientific workflows, including atomistic simulations. However, their deployment in high-performance computing (HPC) environments remains…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 William Dawson , Louis Beal , Yoann Curé , Giuseppe Fisicaro , Dorian Rolland , Luigi Genovese

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by interpreting various types of medical data. However, the effectiveness of these models across all medical fields is uncertain. Each…

AI for science promises to accelerate the discovery process. The advent of large language models (LLMs) and agentic workflows enables the expediting of a growing range of scientific tasks. However, most of the current generation of agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zijian Zhang , Aiwei Yin , Amaan Baweja , Jiaru Bai , Ignacio Gustin , Varinia Bernales , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

The increasing complexity of modern chemical processes, coupled with workforce shortages and intricate fault scenarios, demands novel automation paradigms that blend symbolic reasoning with adaptive control. In this work, we introduce a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Javal Vyas , Mehmet Mercangoz

The transition from optical identification of 2D quantum materials to practical device fabrication requires dynamic reasoning beyond the detection accuracy. While recent domain-specific Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) successfully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sankalp Pandey , Xuan-Bac Nguyen , Hoang-Quan Nguyen , Tim Faltermeier , Nicholas Borys , Hugh Churchill , Khoa Luu

Autonomous materials research systems allow scientists to fail smarter, learn faster, and spend less resources in their studies. As these systems grow in number, capability, and complexity, a new challenge arises - how will they work…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-03-21 A. Gilad Kusne , Austin McDannald

Simulations, although powerful in accurately replicating real-world systems, often remain inaccessible to non-technical users due to their complexity. Conversely, large language models (LLMs) provide intuitive, language-based interactions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jacob Kleiman , Kevin Frank , Joseph Voyles , Sindy Campagna

This paper introduces Agent-Based Auto Research, a structured multi-agent framework designed to automate, coordinate, and optimize the full lifecycle of scientific research. Leveraging the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and…

Automated intrusion-style workflows require LLM agents to reason over partial observations, tool outputs, and executable artifacts under bounded budgets. A single LLM instance often compresses evidence extraction, planning, execution, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Minfeng Qi , Tianqing Zhu , Zijie Xu , Congcong Zhu , Qin Wang , Wanlei Zhou

Large language models (LLM) exhibit broad utility but face limitations in quantum sensor development, stemming from interdisciplinary knowledge barriers and involving complex optimization processes. Here we present QCopilot, an LLM-based…

The rapid evolution of Agentic AI and large language models (LLMs) presents transformative opportunities for higher education institutions. This chapter introduces the concept of self-driving universities, a vision in which AI-enabled…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Anis Koubaa

In computational biophysics, where molecular data is expanding rapidly and system complexity is increasing exponentially, large language models (LLMs) and agent-based systems are fundamentally reshaping the field. This perspective article…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have extended their impact beyond Natural Language Processing, substantially fostering the development of interdisciplinary research. Recently, various LLM-based agents have been developed to assist scientific…

As particle accelerators grow in complexity, traditional control methods face increasing challenges in achieving optimal performance. This paper envisions a paradigm shift: a decentralized multi-agent framework for accelerator control,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Antonin Sulc , Thorsten Hellert , Raimund Kammering , Hayden Hoschouer , Jason St. John

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) opens new frontiers for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAVs), yet existing systems remain confined to predefined tasks due to hardware-software co-design challenges. This paper presents the first…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ji Zhao , Xiao Lin

Quantum chemistry is a foundational enabling tool for the fields of chemistry, materials science, computational biology and others. Despite of its power, the practical application of quantum chemistry simulations remains in the hands of…

Fully automated self-driving laboratories are promising to enable high-throughput and large-scale scientific discovery by reducing repetitive labour. However, effective automation requires deep integration of laboratory knowledge, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shuxiang Cao , Zijian Zhang , Mohammed Alghadeer , Simone D Fasciati , Michele Piscitelli , Mustafa Bakr , Peter Leek , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Process simulation is a critical cornerstone of chemical engineering design. Current automated chemical design methodologies focus mainly on various representations of process flow diagrams. However, transforming these diagrams into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xufei Tian , Wenli Du , Shaoyi Yang , Han Hu , Hui Xin , Shifeng Qu , Ke Ye