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In Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), one fundamental pillar is perception, which leverages sensors like cameras and LiDARs (Light Detection and Ranging) to understand the driving environment. Due to its direct impact on road safety, multiple prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Yulong Cao , Chaowei Xiao , Benjamin Cyr , Yimeng Zhou , Won Park , Sara Rampazzi , Qi Alfred Chen , Kevin Fu , Z. Morley Mao

Regular and uninterrupted operation of critical infrastructures such as power, transport, communication etc. are essential for proper functioning of a country. Cyber-attacks causing disruption in critical infrastructure service in the past,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Aneet K. Dutta , Bhaskar Mukhoty , Sandeep K. Shukla

Person Re-identification (re-ID) in computer vision aims to recognize and track individuals across different cameras. While previous research has mainly focused on challenges like pose variations and lighting changes, the impact of extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yunpeng Gong , Yongjie Hou , Chuangliang Zhang , Min Jiang

Remote attestation protocols are widely used to detect device configuration (e.g., software and/or data) compromise in Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios. Unfortunately, the performances of such protocols are unsatisfactory when dealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Moreno Ambrosin , Mauro Conti , Riccardo Lazzeretti , Md Masoom Rabbani , Silvio Ranise

Recent work indicates that, besides being a challenge in producing perceptually pleasing images, low light proves more difficult for machine cognition than previously thought. In our work, we take a closer look at object detection in low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Igor Morawski , Yu-An Chen , Yu-Sheng Lin , Winston H. Hsu

Perception systems for autonomous driving have seen significant advancements in their performance over last few years. However, these systems struggle to show robustness in extreme weather conditions because sensors like lidars and cameras,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Kshitiz Bansal , Keshav Rungta , Dinesh Bharadia

The vulnerability of automated fingerprint recognition systems (AFRSs) to presentation attacks (PAs) promotes the vigorous development of PA detection (PAD) technology. However, PAD methods have been limited by information loss and poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Haozhe Liu , Wentian Zhang , Feng Liu , Haoqian Wu , Linlin Shen

The expansion of edge computing has increased the attack surface, creating an urgent need for robust, real-time machine learning (ML)-based host intrusion detection systems (HIDS) that balance accuracy and efficiency. In such settings,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Onat Gungor , Ishaan Kale , Jiasheng Zhou , Tajana Rosing

The recent advances in camera-based bird's eye view (BEV) representation exhibit great potential for in-vehicle 3D perception. Despite the substantial progress achieved on standard benchmarks, the robustness of BEV algorithms has not been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Shaoyuan Xie , Lingdong Kong , Wenwei Zhang , Jiawei Ren , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu

Recently adversarial attacks on automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems attracted widespread attention as they pose severe threats to ASV systems. However, methods to defend against such attacks are limited. Existing approaches mainly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-10 Xu Li , Na Li , Jinghua Zhong , Xixin Wu , Xunying Liu , Dan Su , Dong Yu , Helen Meng

In the realm of modern autonomous driving, the perception system is indispensable for accurately assessing the state of the surrounding environment, thereby enabling informed prediction and planning. The key step to this system is related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Ziying Song , Lin Liu , Feiyang Jia , Yadan Luo , Guoxin Zhang , Lei Yang , Li Wang , Caiyan Jia

Accurate 3D object detection is essential for automated vehicles to navigate safely in complex real-world environments. Bird's Eye View (BEV) representations, which project multi-sensor data into a top-down spatial format, have emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Sanjay Kumar , Tim Brophy , Eoin Martino Grua , Ganesh Sistu , Valentina Donzella , Ciaran Eising

Automotive perception systems are obligated to meet high requirements. While optical sensors such as Camera and Lidar struggle in adverse weather conditions, Radar provides a more robust perception performance, effectively penetrating fog,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Christof Leitgeb , Thomas Puchleitner , Max Peter Ronecker , Daniel Watzenig

Lidar-based SLAM systems are highly sensitive to adverse conditions such as occlusion, noise, and field-of-view (FoV) degradation, yet existing robustness evaluation methods either lack physical grounding or do not capture sensor-specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Doumegna Mawuto Koudjo Felix , Xianjia Yu , Zhuo Zou , Tomi Westerlund

Iris recognition systems, operating in the near infrared spectrum (NIR), have demonstrated vulnerability to presentation attacks, where an adversary uses artifacts such as cosmetic contact lenses, artificial eyes or printed iris images in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Darshika Jauhari , Renu Sharma , Cunjian Chen , Nelson Sepulveda , Arun Ross

In recent years, there has been significant attention given to the robustness assessment of neural networks. Robustness plays a critical role in ensuring reliable operation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in complex and uncertain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jie Wang , Jun Ai , Minyan Lu , Haoran Su , Dan Yu , Yutao Zhang , Junda Zhu , Jingyu Liu

In recent years, face biometric security systems are rapidly increasing, therefore, the presentation attack detection (PAD) has received significant attention from research communities and has become a major field of research. Researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Seyedkooshan Hashemifard , Mohammad Akbari

AI-generated images have reached a quality level at which humans are incapable of reliably distinguishing them from real images. To counteract the inherent risk of fraud and disinformation, the detection of AI-generated images is a pressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hicham Eddoubi , Jonas Ricker , Federico Cocchi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Angelo Sotgiu , Maura Pintor , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Asja Fischer , Rita Cucchiara , Battista Biggio

The practical deployment of Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) systems is hindered by their sensitivity to real-world imaging variations, particularly the complex interplay between viewpoint and illumination which drastically alters defect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yunkang Cao , Yuqi Cheng , Xiaohao Xu , Yiheng Zhang , Yihan Sun , Yuxiang Tan , Yuxin Zhang , Xiaonan Huang , Weiming Shen

We present a novel physical-world attack on autonomous vehicle (AV) lane detection systems that leverages negative shadows -- bright, lane-like patterns projected by passively redirecting sunlight through occluders. These patterns exploit…

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