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Despite recent advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on diverse understanding tasks, these models struggle to solve problems which require extensive multi-step reasoning. This is primarily due to the progressive dilution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Byungwoo Jeon , Yoonwoo Jeong , Hyunseok Lee , Minsu Cho , Jinwoo Shin

AI tools in pathology have improved screening throughput, standardized quantification, and revealed prognostic patterns that inform treatment. However, adoption remains limited because most systems still lack the human-readable reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yunqi Hong , Johnson Kao , Liam Edwards , Nein-Tzu Liu , Chung-Yen Huang , Alex Oliveira-Kowaleski , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Neil Y. C. Lin

Reinforcement Learning Finetuning (RFT) has significantly advanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by enabling long chains of thought, self-correction, and effective tool use. While recent works attempt to extend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mingyuan Wu , Jingcheng Yang , Jize Jiang , Meitang Li , Kaizhuo Yan , Hanchao Yu , Minjia Zhang , Chengxiang Zhai , Klara Nahrstedt

Doctors and patients alike increasingly use Large Language Models (LLMs) to diagnose clinical cases. However, unlike domains such as math or coding, where correctness can be objectively defined by the final answer, medical diagnosis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Kevin Wu , Eric Wu , Rahul Thapa , Kevin Wei , Angela Zhang , Arvind Suresh , Jacqueline J. Tao , Min Woo Sun , Alejandro Lozano , James Zou

Visual reasoning refers to the task of solving questions about visual information. Current visual reasoning methods typically employ pre-trained vision-language model (VLM) strategies or deep neural network approaches. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chao Wang , Chunbai Zhang , Yongxiao Tian , Yang Zhou , Yan Peng

Learning general-purpose reasoning capabilities has long been a challenging problem in AI. Recent research in large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1, has shown that reinforcement learning techniques like GRPO can enable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jiaer Xia , Yuhang Zang , Peng Gao , Sharon Li , Kaiyang Zhou

Evaluating the alignment between textual prompts and generated images is critical for ensuring the reliability and usability of text-to-image (T2I) models. However, most existing evaluation methods rely on coarse-grained metrics or static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Fulin Shi , Wenyi Xiao , Bin Chen , Liang Din , Leilei Gan

Accurate and interpretable multi-disease diagnosis remains a critical challenge in medical research, particularly when leveraging heterogeneous multimodal medical data. Current approaches often rely on single-modal data, limiting their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Yuting Zhang , Kaishen Yuan , Hao Lu , Yutao Yue , Jintai Chen , Kaishun Wu

Accurate analysis of pathological images is essential for automated tumor diagnosis but remains challenging due to high structural similarity and subtle morphological variations in tissue images. Current vision-language (VL) models often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yating Huang , Ziyan Huang , Lintao Xiang , Qijun Yang , Hujun Yin

Spatial reasoning is a core aspect of human intelligence that allows perception, inference and planning in 3D environments. However, current vision-language models (VLMs) struggle to maintain geometric coherence and cross-view consistency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Qiyao Xue , Weichen Liu , Shiqi Wang , Haoming Wang , Yuyang Wu , Wei Gao

Video reasoning segmentation (VRS) endeavors to delineate referred objects in videos guided by implicit instructions that encapsulate human intent and temporal logic. Previous approaches leverage large vision language models (LVLMs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Sitong Gong , Lu Zhang , Yunzhi Zhuge , Xu Jia , Pingping Zhang , Huchuan Lu

We introduce OpenVLThinker, one of the first open-source large vision-language models (LVLMs) to exhibit sophisticated chain-of-thought reasoning, achieving notable performance gains on challenging visual reasoning tasks. While text-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yihe Deng , Hritik Bansal , Fan Yin , Nanyun Peng , Wei Wang , Kai-Wei Chang

The advancement of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) requires precise local region-based reasoning that faithfully grounds the model's logic in actual visual evidence. However, existing datasets face limitations in scalability due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Byeonggeuk Lim , Kyeonghyun Kim , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

Acute poly-substance intoxication requires rapid, life-saving decisions under substantial uncertainty, as clinicians must rely on incomplete ingestion details and nonspecific symptoms. Effective diagnostic reasoning in this chaotic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Nico Oberländer , David Bani-Harouni , Tobias Zellner , Nassir Navab , Florian Eyer , Matthias Keicher

While large language models show promise in medical applications, achieving expert-level clinical reasoning remains challenging due to the need for both accurate answers and transparent reasoning processes. To address this challenge, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Chi Liu , Derek Li , Yan Shu , Robin Chen , Derek Duan , Teng Fang , Bryan Dai

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis, yet existing models are limited by their reliance on explicit human instructions and lack the active reasoning capabilities to understand complex clinical questions. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yu Huang , Zelin Peng , Yichen Zhao , Piao Yang , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

We introduce V-tableR1, a process-supervised reinforcement learning framework that elicits rigorous, verifiable reasoning from multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Current MLLMs trained solely on final outcomes often treat visual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yubo Jiang , Yitong An , Xin Yang , Abudukelimu Wuerkaixi , Xuxin Cheng , Fengying Xie , Zhiguo Jiang , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Haopeng Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled interpretable medical diagnosis by integrating visual perception with linguistic reasoning. Yet, existing medical chain-of-thought (CoT) models lack explicit mechanisms to represent and enforce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jianxin Lin , Chunzheng Zhu , Peter J. Kneuertz , Yunfei Bai , Yuan Xue

With the development of generative artificial intelligence and instruction tuning techniques, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress on general reasoning tasks. Benefiting from the chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Junjie Zhou , Yingli Zuo , Shichang Feng , Peng Wan , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang , Wei Shao

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos