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Online questionnaires that use crowd-sourcing platforms to recruit participants have become commonplace, due to their ease of use and low costs. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Large Language Models (LLM) have made it easy for bad actors…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Benjamin Lebrun , Sharon Temtsin , Andrew Vonasch , Christoph Bartneck

Large language model (LLM) systems increasingly power everyday AI applications such as chatbots, computer-use assistants, and autonomous robots, where performance often depends on manually well-crafted prompts. LLM-based prompt optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Andrew Zhao , Reshmi Ghosh , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Keegan Hines , Gao Huang , Jack W. Stokes

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated human-level performance on a vast spectrum of natural language tasks. However, few studies have addressed the LLM threat and vulnerability from an ideology perspective, especially when they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Xiaotian Zhou , Qian Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Haixu Tang , Xiaozhong Liu

Accurate and verifiable large language model (LLM) simulations of human research subjects promise an accessible data source for understanding human behavior and training new AI systems. However, results to date have been limited, and few…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jacy Reese Anthis , Ryan Liu , Sean M. Richardson , Austin C. Kozlowski , Bernard Koch , James Evans , Erik Brynjolfsson , Michael Bernstein

Agent Skill framework, now widely and officially supported by major players such as GitHub Copilot, LangChain, and OpenAI, performs especially well with proprietary models by improving context engineering, reducing hallucinations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yangjie Xu , Lujun Li , Lama Sleem , Niccolo Gentile , Yewei Song , Yiqun Wang , Siming Ji , Wenbo Wu , Radu State

The development and popularization of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns that they will be used to create tailor-made, convincing arguments to push false or misleading narratives online. Early work has found that language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Francesco Salvi , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Riccardo Gallotti , Robert West

Large language models (LLMs) used across enterprises often use proprietary models and operate on sensitive inputs and data. The wide range of attack vectors identified in prior research - targeting various software and hardware components…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sarbartha Banerjee , Prateek Sahu , Mulong Luo , Anjo Vahldiek-Oberwagner , Neeraja J. Yadwadkar , Mohit Tiwari

The rapid adoption of generative AI (GenAI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), has exposed critical limitations of cloud-centric deployments, including latency, cost, and privacy concerns. Meanwhile, Small Language Models (SLMs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Roberto Morabito , SiYoung Jang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing the way people interact with technology. Tools like ChatGPT and Claude AI are now common in business, research, and everyday life. But with that growth comes new risks, especially prompt-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Austin Howard

This paper investigates the impacts of the rapidly evolving landscape of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) development. Emphasis is given to how organizations grapple with a critical imperative: reevaluating their policies regarding…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Lakshika Vaishnav , Sakshi Singh , Kimberly A. Cornell

The recent popularity of large language models (LLMs) has brought a significant impact to boundless fields, particularly through their open-ended ecosystem such as the APIs, open-sourced models, and plugins. However, with their widespread…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Wentao Ye , Mingfeng Ou , Tianyi Li , Yipeng chen , Xuetao Ma , Yifan Yanggong , Sai Wu , Jie Fu , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang , Junbo Zhao

AI agents are beginning to interact with each other directly and across internet platforms and physical environments, creating security challenges beyond traditional cybersecurity and AI safety frameworks. Free-form protocols are essential…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly transformed the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Their impact extends across a diverse spectrum of tasks, revolutionizing how we approach language understanding and generations.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sara Abdali , Richard Anarfi , CJ Barberan , Jia He , Erfan Shayegani

The AI era has ushered in Large Language Models (LLM) to the technological forefront, which has been much of the talk in 2023, and is likely to remain as such for many years to come. LLMs are the AI models that are the power house behind…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Anjanava Biswas , Wrick Talukdar

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), reasoning models, and agentic AI approaches coincides with a growing global mental health crisis, where increasing demand has not translated into adequate access to professional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Kellie Yu Hui Sim , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo

The rapid integration of Generative AI (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) in sectors such as education and healthcare have marked a significant advancement in technology. However, this growth has also led to a largely unexplored…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Tri Nguyen , Huong Nguyen , Ahmad Ijaz , Saeid Sheikhi , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Panos Kostakos

Digital health tools have the potential to significantly improve the delivery of healthcare services. However, their adoption remains comparatively limited due, in part, to challenges surrounding usability and trust. Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Fergus Imrie , Paulius Rauba , Mihaela van der Schaar

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

Computational experiments have emerged as a valuable method for studying complex systems, involving the algorithmization of counterfactuals. However, accurately representing real social systems in Agent-based Modeling (ABM) is challenging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Qun Ma , Xiao Xue , Deyu Zhou , Xiangning Yu , Donghua Liu , Xuwen Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Yifan Shen , Peilin Ji , Juanjuan Li , Gang Wang , Wanpeng Ma