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Reconstructing a thermal model capable of efficiently simulating the behavior of a spacecraft from sparse and localized temperature measurements remains a challenging task. To address this, we introduce a physically-constrained calibration…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Luca Sosta , Carlo Ciancarelli , Leonardo Marini , Stefano Pagani , Francesco Regazzoni , Nicola Parolini

The complex Langevin method has been attracting much attention as a solution to the sign problem since the method was shown to work in finite density QCD in the deconfined phase by using the so-called gauge cooling procedure. Whether it…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-11-30 Keitaro Nagata , Jun Nishimura , Shinji Shimasaki

The chemical Langevin equation (CLE) is a popular simulation method to probe the stochastic dynamics of chemical systems. The CLE's main disadvantage is its break down in finite time due to the problem of evaluating square roots of negative…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-22 David Schnoerr , Guido Sanguinetti , Ramon Grima

It is essential that mesoscopic simulations of reactive systems reproduce the correct statistical distributions at thermodynamic equilibrium. By considering a compressible fluctuating hydrodynamics (FHD) simulation method of ideal gas…

At nonzero chemical potential the numerical sign problem in lattice field theory limits the use of standard algorithms based on importance sampling. Complex Langevin dynamics provides a possible solution, but it has to be applied with care.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-06-15 Gert Aarts , Lorenzo Bongiovanni , Erhard Seiler , Denes Sexty , Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu

Recently, we have shown how a colored-noise Langevin equation can be used in the context of molecular dynamics as a tool to obtain dynamical trajectories whose properties are tailored to display desired sampling features. In the present…

Computational Physics · Physics 2012-04-05 Michele Ceriotti , Giovanni Bussi , Michele Parrinello

Equilibrium probes have been widely used in various noisy quantum metrology schemes. However, such an equilibrium-probe-based metrology scenario severely suffers from the low-temperature-error divergence problem in the weak-coupling regime.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Ze-Zhou Zhang , Hong-Gang Luo , Wei Wu

Progress in the application of the complex Langevin method to full QCD at non-zero chemical potential is reported. The method evades the sign problem which makes naive simulations at nonzero density impossible. The procedure 'gauge cooling'…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-06-22 Denes Sexty

We study trace estimators for equilibrium thermodynamic observables that rely on the idea of typicality and derivatives thereof such as the finite-temperature Lanczos method (FTLM). As numerical examples quantum spin systems are studied.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-02-26 J. Schnack , J. Richter , R. Steinigeweg

We consider the problem of estimating the temperature $ T $ of a very cold equilibrium sample. The temperature estimates are drawn from measurements performed on a quantum probe strongly coupled to it. We model this scenario by resorting to…

We study QCD at finite density and low temperature by using the complex Langevin method. We employ the gauge cooling to control the unitarity norm and introduce a deformation parameter in the Dirac operator to avoid the singular-drift…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-04-18 Keitro Nagata , Jun Nishimura , Shinji Shimasaki

A coherent Ising machine (CIM) is known to deliver the low-energy states of the Ising model. Here, we investigate how well the CIM simulates the thermodynamic properties of a two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model. Assuming that the…

Thermodynamics relies on the possibility to describe systems composed of a large number of constituents in terms of few macroscopic variables. Its foundations are rooted into the paradigm of statistical mechanics, where thermal properties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-04 Antonella De Pasquale , Davide Rossini , Rosario Fazio , Vittorio Giovannetti

We study the gauge cooling technique for the complex Langevin method applied to the computation in lattice quantum chromodynamics. We propose a new solver of the minimization problem that optimizes the gauge, which does not include any…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2020-10-07 Xiaoyu Dong , Zhenning Cai , Yana Di

High energy heavy-ion collisions in laboratory produce a form of matter that can test Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions, at high temperatures. One of the exciting possibilities is the existence of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-10 Sourendu Gupta , Debasish Mallick , Dipak Kumar Mishra , Bedangadas Mohanty , Nu Xu

It is often difficult to quantitatively determine if a new molecular simulation algorithm or software properly implements sampling of the desired thermodynamic ensemble. We present some simple statistical analysis procedures to allow…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-03-04 Michael R. Shirts

Stochastic thermostats based on the Langevin equation, in which a system is coupled to an external heat bath, are popular methods for temperature control in molecular dynamics simulations due to their ergodicity and their ease of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-05-23 Mahdi Hijazi , David M. Wilkins , Michele Ceriotti

I review the status of the Complex Langevin method, which was invented to make simulations of models with complex action feasible. I discuss the mathematical justification of the procedure, as well as its limitations and open questions.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-04-18 Erhard Seiler

We demonstrate that at finite density and sufficiently high temperatures, phase-quenched (PQ) lattice simulations combined with perturbation theory provide a new precision approach to determining the thermodynamics of QCD across a wide arc…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-14 Tyler Gorda , Pablo Navarrete , Risto Paatelainen , Leon Sandbote , Kaapo Seppänen

Exploring the phase diagram of QCD at finite density is a challenging problem since first-principle calculations based on standard Monte Carlo methods suffer from the sign problem. As a promising approach to this issue, the complex Langevin…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-11-20 Shoichiro Tsutsui , Yuta Ito , Hideo Matsufuru , Jun Nishimura , Shinji Shimasaki , Asato Tsuchiya