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The concurrent target assignment and pathfinding (TAPF) problem extends multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) by asking planners to allocate distinct targets and collision-free paths to agents. Prior work on TAPF has relied exclusively on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yu Kumagai , Keisuke Okumura

Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery (MAPD) is a challenging extension of Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF), where agents are required to sequentially complete tasks with fixed-location pickup and delivery demands. Although learning-based methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zeyuan Zhao , Chaoran Li , Shao Zhang , Ying Wen

Multi-Agent Combinatorial Path Finding (MCPF) seeks collision-free paths for multiple agents from their initial locations to destinations, visiting a set of intermediate target locations in the middle of the paths, while minimizing the sum…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yuanhang Zhang , Xuemian Wu , Hesheng Wang , Zhongqiang Ren

In this paper we consider multiple Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) navigating a common workspace to fulfill various intralogistics tasks, typically formulated as the Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) problem. To keep plan execution…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Alexander Berndt , Niels Van Duijkeren , Luigi Palmieri , Tamas Keviczky

Multi-agent path finding in formation has many potential real-world applications like mobile warehouse robots. However, previous multi-agent path finding (MAPF) methods hardly take formation into consideration. Furthermore, they are usually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Shanqi Liu , Licheng Wen , Jinhao Cui , Xuemeng Yang , Junjie Cao , Yong Liu

The problem of makespan optimal solving of cooperative path finding (CPF) is addressed in this paper. The task in CPF is to relocate a group of agents in a non-colliding way so that each agent eventually reaches its goal location from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-19 Pavel Surynek

With the rapid progress in Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF), researchers have studied how MAPF algorithms can be deployed to coordinate hundreds of robots in large automated warehouses. While most works try to improve the throughput of such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yulun Zhang , Matthew C. Fontaine , Varun Bhatt , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Jiaoyang Li

We present Scalable Multi-Agent Realistic Testbed (SMART), a realistic and efficient software tool for evaluating Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) algorithms. MAPF focuses on planning collision-free paths for a group of robots. While…

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is a fundamental coordination problem in large-scale robotic and cyber-physical systems, where multiple agents must compute conflict-free trajectories with limited computational and communication resources.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Kevin Riehl , Julius Schlapbach , Anastasios Kouvelas , Michail A. Makridis

In this paper we study a challenging variant of the multi-agent pathfinding problem (MAPF), when a set of agents must reach a set of goal locations, but it does not matter which agent reaches a specific goal - Anonymous MAPF (AMAPF).…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Stepan Dergachev , Konstantin Yakovlev

In multi-agent path finding (MAPF) the task is to navigate agents from their starting positions to given individual goals. The problem takes place in an undirected graph whose vertices represent positions and edges define the topology.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Pavel Surynek , T. K. Satish Kumar , Sven Koenig

As industries increasingly adopt large robotic fleets, there is a pressing need for computationally efficient, practical, and optimal conflict-free path planning for multiple robots. Conflict-Based Search (CBS) is a popular method for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Scott Fredriksson , Yifan Bai , Akshit Saradagi , George Nikolakopoulos

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) focuses on planning collision-free paths for multiple agents. However, during the execution of a MAPF plan, agents may encounter unexpected delays, which can lead to inefficiencies, deadlocks, or even…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-14 He Jiang , Muhan Lin , Jiaoyang Li

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) seeks collision-free paths for multiple agents from their respective start locations to their respective goal locations while minimizing path costs. Most existing MAPF algorithms rely on a common assumption…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xuemian Wu , Shizhe Zhao , Zhongqiang Ren

Multi-Agent Path-Finding (MAPF) focuses on the collaborative planning of paths for multiple agents within shared spaces, aiming for collision-free navigation. Conventional planning methods often overlook the presence of other agents, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 S Nordström , Y Bai , B Lindqvist , G Nikolakopoulos

The 2D Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) problem aims at finding collision-free paths for a number of agents, from a set of start locations to a set of goal positions in a known 2D environment. MAPF has been studied in theoretical computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Gleb Belov , Liron Cohen , Maria Garcia de la Banda , Daniel Harabor , Sven Koenig , Xinrui Wei

Among sub-optimal MAPF solvers, rule-based algorithms are particularly appealing since they are complete. Even in crowded scenarios, they allow finding a feasible solution that brings each agent to its target, preventing deadlock…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-10 S. Ardizzoni , I. Saccani , L. Consolini , M. Locatelli

In environments where many automated guided vehicles (AGVs) operate, planning efficient, collision-free paths is essential. Related research has mainly focused on environments with pre-defined passages, resulting in space inefficiency. We…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hiroya Makino , Yoshihiro Ohama , Seigo Ito

Multi-agent target assignment and path planning (TAPF) are two key problems in intelligent warehouse. However, most literature only addresses one of these two problems separately. In this study, we propose a method to simultaneously solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Qi Liu , Jianqi Gao , Dongjie Zhu , Zhongjian Qiao , Pengbin Chen , Jingxiang Guo , Yanjie Li

MAPF is a core coordination problem for large robot fleets in automated warehouses and logistics. Existing approaches are typically either open-loop planners, which generate fixed trajectories and struggle to handle disturbances, or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiarui Li , Federico Pecora , Runyu Zhang , Gioele Zardini