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For positive integers $c, s \geq 1$, let $M_3(c, s)$ be the least integer such that any set of at least $M_3(c, s)$ points in the plane, no three on a line and colored with $c$ colors, contains a monochromatic triangle with at most $s$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Deepan Basu , Kinjal Basu , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya , Sandip Das

Let $S$ be a $k$-colored (finite) set of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 3$, in general position, that is, no {$(d + 1)$} points of $S$ lie in a common $(d - 1)$}-dimensional hyperplane. We count the number of empty monochromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-29 Oswin Aichholzer , Ruy Fabila-Monroy , Thomas Hackl , Clemens Huemer , Jorge Urrutia

For all non-degenerate triangles T, we determine the minimum number of colors needed to color the plane such that no max-norm isometric copy of T is monochromatic.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-04 Alexander Natalchenko , Arsenii Sagdeev

In 1959, Goodman determined the minimum number of monochromatic triangles in a complete graph whose edge set is two-coloured. Goodman also raised the question of proving analogous results for complete graphs whose edge sets are coloured…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-12 James Cummings , Daniel Král' , Florian Pfender , Konrad Sperfeld , Andrew Treglown , Michael Young

This paper begins by exploring some old and new results about Ramsey numbers and minimum numbers of monochromatic triangles in $2$-colorings of complete graphs, both in the disjoint and non-disjoint cases. We then extend the theory, by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Jamie Bishop , Rebekah Kuss , Benjamin Peet

We prove that for any partition of the plane into a closed set $C$ and an open set $O$ and for any configuration $T$ of three points, there is a translated and rotated copy of $T$ contained in $C$ or in $O$. Apart from that, we consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-29 Vit Jelinek , Jan Kyncl , Rudolf Stolar , Tomas Valla

Let $S$ be a set of $n$ points in general position in the plane. Suppose that each point of $S$ has been assigned one of $k \ge 3$ possible colors and that there is the same number, $m$, of points of each color class. A polygon with…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Ruy Fabila-Monroy , Daniel Perz , Ana Laura Trujillo-Negrete

In a colouring of $\mathbb{R}^d$ a pair $(S,s_0)$ with $S\subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ and with $s_0\in S$ is \emph{almost monochromatic} if $S\setminus \{s_0\}$ is monochromatic but $S$ is not. We consider questions about finding almost…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Nóra Frankl , Tamás Hubai , Dömötör Pálvölgyi

A well-known result by Graham in Euclidean Ramsey Theory states that, for every positive real number $A$, every coloring of the plane with finite number of colors contains a monochromatic triangle of area $A$. We consider canonical versions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Sukumar Das Adhikari , Tássio Naia , Oriol Serra

It is well known that any set of n intervals in $\mathbb{R}^1$ admits a non-monochromatic coloring with two colors and a conflict-free coloring with three colors. We investigate generalizations of this result to colorings of objects in more…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Boris Aronov , Mark de Berg , Aleksandar Markovic , Gerhard Woeginger

Let $P$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane, not all on a line, each colored \emph{red} or \emph{blue}. The classical Motzkin--Rabin theorem guarantees the existence of a \emph{monochromatic} line. Motivated by the seminal work of Green and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Sujoy Bhore , Konrad Swanepoel

For integers $n\ge 0$, an iterated triangulation $Tr(n)$ is defined recursively as follows: $Tr(0)$ is the plane triangulation on three vertices and, for $n\ge 1$, $Tr(n)$ is the plane triangulation obtained from the plane triangulation…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Jie Ma , Tianyun Tang , Xingxing Yu

This paper studies problems related to visibility among points in the plane. A point $x$ \emph{blocks} two points $v$ and $w$ if $x$ is in the interior of the line segment $\bar{vw}$. A set of points $P$ is \emph{$k$-blocked} if each point…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-17 Greg Aloupis , Brad Ballinger , Sébastien Collette , Stefan Langerman , Attila Pór , David R. Wood

Thomassen conjectured that triangle-free planar graphs have an exponential number of $3$-colorings. We show this conjecture to be equivalent to the following statement: there exists a positive real $\alpha$ such that whenever $G$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-20 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

We show that if a coloring of the plane has the properties that any two points at distance one are colored differently and the plane is partitioned into uniformly colored triangles under certain conditions, then it requires at least seven…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Michael N. Manta

Let $S$ be a set of four points chosen independently, uniformly at random from a square. Join every pair of points of $S$ with a straight line segment. Color these edges red if they have positive slope and blue, otherwise. We show that the…

Let P be a set of n points in general position in the plane. We study the chromatic number of the intersection graph of the open triangles determined by P. It is known that this chromatic number is at least n^3/27+O(n^2), and if P is in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-18 Ruy Fabila-Monroy , David R. Wood

In this work, we continue the study of vertex colorings of graphs, in which adjacent vertices are allowed to be of the same color as long as each monochromatic connected component is of relatively small cardinality. We focus on colorings…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Michael A. Bekos , Carla Binucci , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi Raftopoulou , Antonios Symvonis , Alessandra Tappini

We show the existence of several infinite monochromatic patterns in the integers obtained as values of suitable symmetric polynomials. The simplest example is the following. For every finite coloring of the natural numbers…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-16 Mauro Di Nasso

We consider colored variants of a class of geometric-combinatorial questions on $k$-gons and empty $k$-gons that have been started around 1935 by Erd\H{o}s and Szekeres. In our setting we have $n$ points in general position in the plane,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Oswin Aichholzer , Helena Bergold , Simon D. Fink , Maarten Löffler , Patrick Schnider , Josef Tkadlec
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