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Medical diagnosis using Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has gained increasing attention due to capability of these models in providing precise diagnoses. These models generally combine medical questions with visual inputs to generate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Ashmal Vayani , Parth Parag Kulkarni , Joseph Fioresi , Song Wang , Mubarak Shah

In this project, our goal is to determine how to leverage the world-knowledge of pretrained large language models for efficient and robust learning in multiagent decision making. We examine this in a taxi routing and assignment problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Huangyuan Su , Aaron Walsman , Daniel Garces , Sham Kakade , Stephanie Gil

Large language model (LLM) query routers are critical to modern AI platforms as they seek to improve efficiency by assigning inference queries to accurate, yet low-cost models. Parametric routers typically use trained neural networks for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shivam Patel , Neharika Jali , Ankur Mallick , Gauri Joshi

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive capabilities but incur substantial inference latency and cost, which hinders their deployment in latency-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. Cloud-edge-device collaborative inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Qiao , Hao Zhang , Shanwen Mao , Siyao Cheng , Jie Liu

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture enables the scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) to trillions of parameters by activating a sparse subset of weights for each input, maintaining constant computational cost during inference.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Shihao Ji , Zihui Song

Deep models have driven significant advances in click-through rate (CTR) prediction. While vertical scaling via layer stacking improves model expressiveness, the layer-by-layer sequential computation poses challenges to efficient scaling.…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have demonstrated exceptional performance in large-scale language models. Existing routers typically rely on non-differentiable Top-$k$+Softmax, limiting their performance and scalability. We argue that two…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have been demonstrated to push the boundaries of LLM capabilities, yet they often incur significant costs and face challenges in dynamic LLM selection. Current LLM routing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yanwei Yue , Guibin Zhang , Boyang Liu , Guancheng Wan , Kun Wang , Dawei Cheng , Yiyan Qi

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, but they suffer from high computational inefficiency. To reduce inference overhead, expert skipping methods have been proposed to deactivate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yushi Huang , Zining Wang , Zhihang Yuan , Yifu Ding , Ruihao Gong , Jinyang Guo , Xianglong Liu , Jun Zhang

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate the rising computational costs of large language models (LLMs) by selectively activating parameters. However, its high memory requirements and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jehyeon Bang , Eunyeong Cho , Ranggi Hwang , Jinha Chung , Minsoo Rhu

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained significant attention in deep learning due to their dynamic resource allocation and superior performance across diverse tasks. However, efficiently training these models remains challenging.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Junfeng Ran , Guangxiang Zhao , Yuhan Wu , Dawei Zhu , Longyun Wu , Yikai Zhao , Tong Yang , Lin Sun , Xiangzheng Zhang , Sujian Li

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are designed to enhance the efficiency of large language models (LLMs) without proportionally increasing the computational demands. However, their deployment on edge devices still faces significant challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Shuzhang Zhong , Ling Liang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

With advancements in reasoning capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed for automated judgment tasks. While LLMs-as-Judges offer promise in automating evaluations, current approaches often rely on simplistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tianyu Hu , Zhen Tan , Song Wang , Huaizhi Qu , Tianlong Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models can reduce computational costs by 2-4$\times$ compared to dense models without sacrificing performance, making them more efficient in computation-bounded scenarios. However, MoE models generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Bowen Pan , Yikang Shen , Haokun Liu , Mayank Mishra , Gaoyuan Zhang , Aude Oliva , Colin Raffel , Rameswar Panda

The emergence of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, offering enhanced model capacity and computational efficiency through conditional computation. However, deploying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jiacheng Liu , Peng Tang , Wenfeng Wang , Yuhang Ren , Xiaofeng Hou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Minyi Guo , Chao Li

The rapid emergence of diverse large language models (LLMs) has spurred the development of LLM routers that assign user queries to the most suitable model. However, existing LLM routers typically perform a single-round, one-to-one mapping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Haozhen Zhang , Tao Feng , Jiaxuan You

Recently, the number of off-the-shelf Large Language Models (LLMs) has exploded with many open-source options. This creates a diverse landscape regarding both serving options (e.g., inference on local hardware vs remote LLM APIs) and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Dimitrios Sikeridis , Dennis Ramdass , Pranay Pareek

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have heterogeneous strengths across OCR, chart understanding, spatial reasoning, visual question answering, cost, and latency. Effective MLLM routing therefore requires more than estimating query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xueqi Cheng , Yushun Dong

The scaling of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized their capabilities in various tasks, yet this growth must be matched with efficient computational strategies. The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture stands out for its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zihan Qiu , Zeyu Huang , Shuang Cheng , Yizhi Zhou , Zili Wang , Ivan Titov , Jie Fu

Large Language Model (LLM)-driven Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have demonstrated strong capability in complex reasoning and tool use, and heterogeneous agent pools further broaden the quality--cost trade-off space. Despite these advances,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xudong Wang , Chaoning Zhang , Jiaquan Zhang , Chenghao Li , Qigan Sun , Sung-Ho Bae , Peng Wang , Ning Xie , Jie Zou , Yang Yang , Hengtao Shen
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