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Related papers: LLM-Based SQL Generation: Prompting, Self-Refineme…

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Large language models have driven major advances in Text-to-SQL generation. However, they suffer from high computational cost, long latency, and data privacy concerns, which make them impractical for many real-world applications. A natural…

While fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) excel in generating grammatically valid SQL in Text-to-SQL parsing, they often struggle to ensure semantic accuracy in queries, leading to user confusion and diminished system usability. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jipeng Cen , Jiaxin Liu , Zhixu Li , Jingjing Wang

Automatic SQL generation has been an active research area, aiming at streamlining the access to databases by writing natural language with the given intent instead of writing SQL. Current SOTA methods for semantic parsing depend on LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Samuel Arcadinho , David Aparício , Hugo Veiga , António Alegria

Large language models have demonstrated excellent performance in many tasks, including Text-to-SQL, due to their powerful in-context learning capabilities. They are becoming the mainstream approach for Text-to-SQL. However, these methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yonghui Kong , Hongbing Hu , Dan Zhang , Siyuan Chai , Fan Zhang , Wei Wang

Translating natural language questions into SQL has become a core challenge in enabling non-technical users to query databases. While recent work has explored large-scale synthetic data generation to improve model performance through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Hasan Alp Caferoğlu , Mehmet Serhat Çelik , Özgür Ulusoy

We present ReFoRCE, a Text-to-SQL agent that tops the Spider 2.0 leaderboard--a challenging benchmark reflecting complex, real-world Text-to-SQL scenarios. While Text-to-SQL systems enable natural language queries over structured databases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Minghang Deng , Ashwin Ramachandran , Canwen Xu , Lanxiang Hu , Zhewei Yao , Anupam Datta , Hao Zhang

Evaluating text-to-SQL systems remains largely fragile: correctness is typically judged by executing predicted and gold SQL queries on a single static database, even though the same queries may behave differently under alternative database…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mohammadamin Habibollah , Davood Rafiei

Text-to-SQL translates natural language questions into executable SQL queries, enabling intuitive database access for non-experts. While large language models achieve strong performance on Text-to-SQL with prompting, they still struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhao Tan , Xiping Liu , Qing Shu , Qizhi Wan , Dexi Liu , Changxuan Wan

Although multi-agent collaborative Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant breakthroughs in the Text-to-SQL task, their performance is still constrained by various factors. These factors include the incompleteness of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xiangjin Xie , Guangwei Xu , Lingyan Zhao , Ruijie Guo

Data curation tasks that prepare data for analytics are critical for turning data into actionable insights. However, due to the diverse requirements of applications in different domains, generic off-the-shelf tools are typically…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Zui Chen , Lei Cao , Sam Madden , Tim Kraska , Zeyuan Shang , Ju Fan , Nan Tang , Zihui Gu , Chunwei Liu , Michael Cafarella

Text-to-SQL enables natural access to databases, yet most benchmarks are English-only, limiting multilingual progress. We introduce MultiSpider 2.0, extending Spider 2.0 to eight languages (English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Khanh Trinh Pham , Thu Huong Nguyen , Jun Jo , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Thanh Tam Nguyen

LLM-based agents for text-to-SQL often struggle with latency-performance trade-off, where performance improvements come at the cost of latency or vice versa. We reformulate text-to-SQL generation within the lens of software test coverage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tanmay Parekh , Ella Hofmann-Coyle , Shuyi Wang , Sachith Sri Ram Kothur , Srivas Prasad , Yunmo Chen

Recent advances in LLM-based Text-to-SQL have achieved remarkable gains on public benchmarks such as BIRD and Spider. Yet, these systems struggle to scale in realistic enterprise settings with large, complex schemas, diverse SQL dialects,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Asim Biswal , Chuan Lei , Xiao Qin , Aodong Li , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Tim Kraska

Text-to-SQL aims to automate the process of generating SQL queries on a database from natural language text. In this work, we propose "SQLPrompt", tailored to improve the few-shot prompting capabilities of Text-to-SQL for Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Ruoxi Sun , Sercan Ö. Arik , Rajarishi Sinha , Hootan Nakhost , Hanjun Dai , Pengcheng Yin , Tomas Pfister

Text-to-SQL, the task of translating natural language questions into SQL queries, is part of various business processes. Its automation, which is an emerging challenge, will empower software practitioners to seamlessly interact with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yewei Song , Saad Ezzini , Xunzhu Tang , Cedric Lothritz , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé Bissyandé , Andrey Boytsov , Ulrick Ble , Anne Goujon

Text-to-SQL systems enable users to interact with structured databases using natural language, eliminating the need for specialized programming knowledge. In this work, we introduce GEMMA-SQL, a lightweight and efficient text-to-SQL model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Hari Mohan Pandey , Anshul Gupta , Subham Sarkar , Minakshi Tomer , Schneider Johannes , Yan Gong

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for semantic query processing over large corpora. A set of semantic operators derived from relational algebra has been proposed to provide a unified interface for expressing such queries,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Nan Hou , Kangfei Zhao , Jiadong Xie , Jeffrey Xu Yu

In this work, we study the problem of code generation with a large language model (LLM), with a focus on generating SQL queries from natural language questions. We ask: Instead of using supervised fine tuning with text-code pairs, can we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Atharv Kulkarni , Vivek Srikumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on various tasks. To unleash their power on the Text-to-SQL task, we propose $R^3$ (Review-Rebuttal-Revision), a consensus-based multi-agent system for Text-to-SQL tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Hanchen Xia , Feng Jiang , Naihao Deng , Cunxiang Wang , Guojiang Zhao , Rada Mihalcea , Yue Zhang

Text-to-SQL conversion is a critical innovation, simplifying the transition from complex SQL to intuitive natural language queries, especially significant given SQL's prevalence in the job market across various roles. The rise of Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tingkai Zhang , Chaoyu Chen , Cong Liao , Jun Wang , Xudong Zhao , Hang Yu , Jianchao Wang , Jianguo Li , Wenhui Shi