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Understanding and predicting human behavior has emerged as a core capability in various AI application domains such as autonomous driving, smart healthcare, surveillance systems, and social robotics. This paper defines the technical…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been transforming the practice of drug discovery in the past decade. Various AI techniques have been used in a wide range of applications, such as virtual screening and drug design. In this survey, we first…
Cell and immunotherapy offer transformative potential for treating diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders by modulating the immune system. The development of these therapies is resource-intensive, with the majority of drug candidates…
Recent advancements in specialized large-scale architectures for training image and language have profoundly impacted the field of computer vision and natural language processing (NLP). Language models, such as the recent ChatGPT and GPT4…
The convergence of artificial intelligence and materials science presents a transformative opportunity, but achieving true acceleration in discovery requires moving beyond task-isolated, fine-tuned models toward agentic systems that plan,…
With Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly permeating various aspects of society, including healthcare, the adoption of the Transformers neural network architecture is rapidly changing many applications. Transformer is a type of deep…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its data-centric branch of machine learning (ML) have greatly evolved over the last few decades. However, as AI is used increasingly in real world use cases, the importance of the interpretability of and…
Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms using deep learning have advanced the classification of skin disease images; however these algorithms have been mostly applied "in silico" and not validated clinically. Most dermatology AI algorithms…
Building autonomous -- i.e., choosing goals based on one's needs -- and adaptive -- i.e., surviving in ever-changing environments -- agents has been a holy grail of artificial intelligence (AI). A living organism is a prime example of such…
In healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI) has been changing the way doctors and health experts take care of people. This paper will cover how AI is making major changes in the health care system, especially with nutrition. Various machine…
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into weapon systems is one of the most consequential tactical and strategic decisions in the history of warfare. Current AI development is a remarkable combination of accelerating capability,…
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has become a transformative approach in bioinformatics that often enables advancements in genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, structural biology, and drug discovery. To systematically identify…
The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are currently being deployed, and beyond 5G (B5G) networks are expected to be developed over the next decade. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and, in particular, machine…
With the steady rise of the use of AI in bio-technical applications and the widespread adoption of genomics sequencing, an increasing amount of AI-based algorithms and tools is entering the research and production stage affecting critical…
In this chapter, we reflect on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its acceptance in clinical environments. We develop a general view of hindrances for clinical acceptance in the form of a pipeline model combining AI and clinical…
Artificial intelligence has demonstrated immense potential in scientific research. Within molecular science, it is revolutionizing the traditional computer-aided paradigm, ushering in a new era of deep learning. With recent progress in…
This paper aims at identifying emerging computational intelligence trends for the design and modeling of complex biometric-enabled infrastructure and systems. Biometric-enabled systems are evolving towards deep learning and deep inference…
Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) offer unprecedented opportunities to enhance human-AI collaboration in qualitative research methods, including interviews. While interviews are highly valued for gathering deep, contextualized…
The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), has marked a new era in the realm of ophthalmology, offering transformative potential for the diagnosis and treatment of posterior segment eye diseases. This…
Modern language model-based AI systems are remarkably powerful, yet their capabilities remain fundamentally capped by their human creators in three key ways. First, although a model's weights can be updated via fine-tuning, acquiring new…