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Self-disclosure counts as a key factor influencing successful health treatment, particularly when it comes to building a functioning patient-therapist-connection. To this end, the use of chatbots may be considered a promising puzzle piece…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Anna Stock , Stephan Schlögl , Aleksander Groth

Social chatbots based on large language models are increasingly embedded in everyday platforms, yet how users develop trust in these systems over time remains unclear. We present a four-week longitudinal qualitative survey study (N = 27) of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Annie Landerberg , Kari Flatmo , Alan Said

The rapid adoption of Generative AI, including LLM-based chatbots like ChatGPT, has highlighted the need for accessible ways to support public understanding and AI literacy. To address this need, we introduce a game-based, interactive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Francesca Padovani , Malvina Nissim

Does AI understand human values? While this remains an open philosophical question, we take a pragmatic stance by introducing VAPT, the Value-Alignment Perception Toolkit, for studying how LLMs reflect people's values and how people judge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Bhada Yun , Renn Su , April Yi Wang

Self-disclosure, the sharing of one's thoughts and feelings, is affected by the perceived relationship between individuals. While chatbots are increasingly used for self-disclosure, the impact of a chatbot's framing on users'…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Samuel Rhys Cox , Rune Møberg Jacobsen , Niels van Berkel

Chatbots are emerging as a promising platform for accessing and delivering healthcare services. The evidence is in the growing number of publicly available chatbots aiming at taking an active role in the provision of prevention, diagnosis,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Mlađan Jovanović , Marcos Baez , Fabio Casati

As conversational agents become increasingly common in behaviour change interventions, understanding optimal feedback delivery mechanisms becomes increasingly important. However, choosing a style that both lessens psychological reactance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Samuel Rhys Cox , Joel Wester , Niels van Berkel

Open-domain conversational agents or chatbots are becoming increasingly popular in the natural language processing community. One of the challenges is enabling them to converse in an empathetic manner. Current neural response generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Anuradha Welivita , Pearl Pu

AI companion chatbots, such as those offered by Replika and CharacterAI, increasingly function as always-available companions that provide empathy, validation, and support. While these systems appear to meet basic needs for connection,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Minh Duc Chu , Patrick Gerard , Kshitij Pawar , Charles Bickham , Kristina Lerman

Generative AI (GenAI) chatbots are becoming increasingly integrated into virtual assistant technologies, yet their success hinges on the ability to gather meaningful user feedback to improve interaction quality, system outcomes, and overall…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Janet Rafner , Ryan Q. Guloy , Eden W. Wen , Catherine M. Chiodo , Jacob Sherson

Extensive recent media focus has been directed towards the dark side of intelligent systems, how algorithms can influence society negatively. Often, transparency is proposed as a solution or step in the right direction. Unfortunately,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Aaron Springer , Steve Whittaker

The recent advent of large language models (LLM) has resulted in high-performing conversational agents such as chatGPT. These agents must remember key information from an ongoing conversation to provide responses that are contextually…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Ziheng Huang , Sebastian Gutierrez , Hemanth Kamana , Stephen MacNeil

This paper examines how individuals perceive the credibility of content originating from human authors versus content generated by large language models, like the GPT language model family that powers ChatGPT, in different user interface…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Martin Huschens , Martin Briesch , Dominik Sobania , Franz Rothlauf

Conversational agents have been studied as tools to scaffold planning and self-reflection for productivity and well-being. While prior work has demonstrated positive outcomes, we still lack a clear understanding of what drives these results…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Adnan Abbas , Caleb Wohn , Arnav Jagtap , Eugenia H Rho , Young-Ho Kim , Sang Won Lee

The development of advanced generative chat models, such as ChatGPT, has raised questions about the potential consciousness of these tools and the extent of their general artificial intelligence. ChatGPT consistent avoidance of passing the…

General Literature · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Arend Hintze

Objective: Domestic abuse cases have risen significantly over the last four years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges for victims and survivors in accessing support. In this study, we investigate the role that chatbots…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Rahime Belen Saglam , Jason R. C. Nurse , Lisa Sugiura

Context: Online collaborative creation of models is becoming commonplace. Collaborative modeling using chatbots and natural language may lower the barriers to modeling for users from different domains. Objective: We compare the perceived…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Ranci Ren , John W. Castro , Santiago R. Acuña , Oscar Dieste , Silvia T. Acuña

Most often, chat-bots are built to solve the purpose of a search engine or a human assistant: Their primary goal is to provide information to the user or help them complete a task. However, these chat-bots are incapable of responding to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Parag Agrawal , Anshuman Suri , Tulasi Menon

AI chatbots designed as emotional companions blur the boundaries between interpersonal intimacy and institutional software, creating a complex, multi-dimensional privacy environment. Drawing on Communication Privacy Management theory and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Hsuen-Chi Chiu , Jeremy Foote

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to reshape the way individuals communicate and interact. While this form of AI has the potential to efficiently make numerous human decisions, there is limited understanding of how…

General Economics · Economics 2024-01-24 Fabian Dvorak , Regina Stumpf , Sebastian Fehrler , Urs Fischbacher
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