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Recently, the automated translation of source code from one programming language to another by using automatic approaches inspired by Neural Machine Translation (NMT) methods for natural languages has come under study. However, such…

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current methods and metrics used to evaluate the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation tasks. With the rapid growth in demand for automated software development,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Liguo Chen , Qi Guo , Hongrui Jia , Zhengran Zeng , Xin Wang , Yijiang Xu , Jian Wu , Yidong Wang , Qing Gao , Jindong Wang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in various software engineering tasks, including error detection, clone detection, and code translation, primarily leveraging high-resource programming languages like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Razan Baltaji , Saurabh Pujar , Louis Mandel , Martin Hirzel , Luca Buratti , Lav Varshney

Pre-trained code models have emerged as crucial tools in various code intelligence tasks. However, their effectiveness depends on the quality of the pre-training dataset, particularly the human reference comments, which serve as a bridge…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Kang Yang , Xinjun Mao , Shangwen Wang , Tanghaoran Zhang , Bo Lin , Yanlin Wang , Yihao Qin , Zhang Zhang , Xiaoguang Mao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding and generating codes. Due to these capabilities, many recent methods are proposed to automatically refine the codes with LLMs. However, we should…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Minju Seo , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Code review is one of the key processes in the software development lifecycle and is essential to maintain code quality. However, manual code review is subjective and time consuming. Given its rule-based nature, code review is well suited…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Busra Icoz , Goksel Biricik

Including code in the pre-training data mixture, even for models not specifically designed for code, has become a common practice in LLMs pre-training. While there has been anecdotal consensus among practitioners that code data plays a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Viraat Aryabumi , Yixuan Su , Raymond Ma , Adrien Morisot , Ivan Zhang , Acyr Locatelli , Marzieh Fadaee , Ahmet Üstün , Sara Hooker

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Motivation: Code understandability is crucial in software development, as developers spend 58% to 70% of their time reading source code. Improving it can improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs. Problem: Experimental studies often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Delano Oliveira , Reydne Santos , Benedito de Oliveira , Martin Monperrus , Fernando Castor , Fernanda Madeiral

Software maintenance constitutes a substantial portion of the total lifetime costs of software, with a significant portion attributed to code comprehension. Software comprehension is eased by documentation such as comments that summarize…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Skyler Grandel , Scott Thomas Andersen , Yu Huang , Kevin Leach

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), a large number of machine learning models have been developed to assist programming tasks including the generation of program code from natural language input. However, how to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Debalina Ghosh Paul , Hong Zhu , Ian Bayley

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used to automate programming tasks. Their capabilities have been evaluated by assessing the quality of generated code through tests or proofs. The extent to which they can reason about code is a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Changshu Liu , Yang Chen , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Code generation aims to synthesize code and fulfill functional requirements based on natural language (NL) specifications, which can greatly improve development efficiency. In the era of large language models (LLMs), large code models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Chaozheng Wang , Zongjie Li , Cuiyun Gao , Wenxuan Wang , Ting Peng , Hailiang Huang , Yuetang Deng , Shuai Wang , Michael R. Lyu

Several techniques have been proposed to automate code review. Early support consisted in recommending the most suited reviewer for a given change or in prioritizing the review tasks. With the advent of deep learning in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Rosalia Tufano , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Ahmad Tayeb , Ozren Dabić , Sonia Haiduc , Gabriele Bavota

Intermediate step methodologies like chain of thoughts (COT) have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on code generation. This study explores the utilization of intermediate languages,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xun Deng , Sicheng Zhong , Honghua Dong , Jingyu Hu , Sidi Mohamed Beillahi , Xujie Si , Fan Long

Code translation aims to transform code between programming languages while preserving functionality, with applications in cross-platform development and software migration. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Li Xin-Ye , Du Ya-Li , Li Ming

Evaluating the performance of Code Language Models (CLMs) for software engineering tasks, especially in multilingual and low-resource programming language settings, poses significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rohit Dandamudi , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez

[Background:] Thematic analysis of free-text justifications in human experiments provides significant qualitative insights. Yet, it is costly because reliable annotations require multiple domain experts. Large language models (LLMs) seem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Maria Camporese , Fabio Massacci , Yuanjun Gong

Comments are an important part of the source code and are a primary source of documentation. This has driven interest in using large bodies of comments to train or evaluate tools that consume or produce them -- such as generating oracles or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Sergey Matskevich , Colin S. Gordon

As software projects progress, quality of code assumes paramount importance as it affects reliability, maintainability and security of software. For this reason, static analysis tools are used in developer workflows to flag code quality…