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Deriving a good variable selection strategy in branch-and-bound is essential for the efficiency of modern mixed-integer programming (MIP) solvers. With MIP branching data collected during the previous solution process, learning to branch…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Zeren Huang , Wenhao Chen , Weinan Zhang , Chuhan Shi , Furui Liu , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Yong Yu , Jun Wang

This applied research article explores the application of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to address line-balancing challenges in the garment industry, focusing on optimizing production processes under multiple constraints. By…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Ray Wai Man Kong , Ding Ning , Theodore Ho Tin Kong

Branch-and-bound is the workhorse of all state-of-the-art mixed integer linear programming (MILP) solvers. These implementations of branch-and-bound typically use variable branching, that is, the child nodes are obtained by fixing some…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-20 Santanu S. Dey , Yatharth Dubey , Marco Molinaro

In this paper we deal with a network of agents seeking to solve in a distributed way Mixed-Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) with a coupling constraint (modeling a limited shared resource) and local constraints. MILPs are NP-hard problems and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Andrea Camisa , Ivano Notarnicola , Giuseppe Notarstefano

In this paper, we surveyed the existing literature studying different approaches and algorithms for the four critical components in the general branch and bound (B&B) algorithm, namely, branching variable selection, node selection, node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Lingying Huang , Xiaomeng Chen , Wei Huo , Jiazheng Wang , Fan Zhang , Bo Bai , Ling Shi

Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) lies at the core of many real-world combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, traditionally solved by branch-and-bound (B&B). A key driver influencing B&B solvers efficiency is the variable selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Paul Strang , Zacharie Alès , Côme Bissuel , Olivier Juan , Safia Kedad-Sidhoum , Emmanuel Rachelson

Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) can be considered the backbone of the modern power system optimization process, with a large application spectrum, from Unit Commitment and Optimal Transmission Switching to verifying Neural Networks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Petros Ellinas , Samuel Chevalier , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) is one of the most widely used modeling techniques for combinatorial optimization problems. In many applications, a similar MIP model is solved on a regular basis, maintaining remarkable similarities in model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Jian-Ya Ding , Chao Zhang , Lei Shen , Shengyin Li , Bing Wang , Yinghui Xu , Le Song

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are highly flexible and powerful tools for modeling and solving complex real-world combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, machine learning (ML)-guided approaches have demonstrated significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

Many real-world problems can be efficiently modeled as Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) and solved with the Branch-and-Bound method. Prior work has shown the existence of MILP backdoors, small sets of variables such that prioritizing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

In this paper, we investigate the constraint typology of mixed-integer linear programming MILP formulations. MILP is a commonly used mathematical programming technique for modelling and solving real-life scheduling, routing, planning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Vicky Mak-Hau , John Yearwood , William Moran

Resource allocation in wireless networks, such as device-to-device (D2D) communications, is usually formulated as mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems, which are generally NP-hard and difficult to get the optimal solutions.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Mengyuan Lee , Guanding Yu , Geoffrey Ye Li

Combinatorial sequential decision making problems are typically modeled as mixed integer linear programs (MILPs) and solved via branch and bound (B&B) algorithms. The inherent difficulty of modeling MILPs that accurately represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Akhil S Anand , Elias Aarekol , Martin Mziray Dalseg , Magnus Stalhane , Sebastien Gros

Optimal planning with respect to learned neural network (NN) models in continuous action and state spaces using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is a challenging task for branch-and-bound solvers due to the poor linear relaxation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Buser Say , Scott Sanner , Sylvie Thiébaux

Numerous real-world decision-making problems can be formulated and solved using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) models. However, the transformation of these problems into MILP models heavily relies on expertise in operations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Qingyang Li , Lele Zhang , Vicky Mak-Hau

While Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is NP-hard in general, practical MILP has received roughly 100--fold speedup in the past twenty years. Still, many classes of MILPs quickly become unsolvable as their sizes increase, motivating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Ziang Chen , Jialin Liu , Xinshang Wang , Jianfeng Lu , Wotao Yin

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are essential tools for solving planning and scheduling problems across critical industries such as construction, manufacturing, and logistics. However, their widespread adoption is limited by long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiaoke Wang , Batuhan Altundas , Zhaoxin Li , Aaron Zhao , Matthew Gombolay

Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is a powerful framework used to address a wide range of NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, often solved by Branch and Bound (B&B). A key factor influencing the performance of B&B solvers is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Paul Strang , Zacharie Alès , Côme Bissuel , Olivier Juan , Safia Kedad-Sidhoum , Emmanuel Rachelson

For clustering of an undirected graph, this paper presents an exact algorithm for the maximization of modularity density, a more complicated criterion to overcome drawbacks of the well-known modularity. The problem can be interpreted as the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Keisuke Sato , Yoichi Izunaga

Branch and Bound (B&B) is the exact tree search method typically used to solve Mixed-Integer Linear Programming problems (MILPs). Learning branching policies for MILP has become an active research area, with most works proposing to imitate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Giulia Zarpellon , Jason Jo , Andrea Lodi , Yoshua Bengio