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The increasing complexity of AI tasks has shifted the paradigm from monolithic models toward multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems. However, these collaborative architectures introduce a critical bottleneck: redundant prefill…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yingsheng Geng , Yuchong Gao , Weihong Wu , Guyue Liu , Jiang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized a wide range of domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multi-modal tasks due to their ability to comprehend context and perform logical reasoning. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haoyang Li , Yiming Li , Anxin Tian , Tianhao Tang , Zhanchao Xu , Xuejia Chen , Nicole Hu , Wei Dong , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in numerous applications requiring robust long-range capabilities, essential for processing extensive input contexts and continuously generating extended outputs. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Dachuan Shi , Yonggan Fu , Xiangchi Yuan , Zhongzhi Yu , Haoran You , Sixu Li , Xin Dong , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov , Yingyan , Lin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks by integrating the strengths of large language models (LLMs) and external knowledge databases. However, RAG introduces long…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Chao Jin , Zili Zhang , Xuanlin Jiang , Fangyue Liu , Xin Liu , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

Tool calling has greatly expanded the practical utility of large language models (LLMs) by enabling them to interact with external applications. As LLM capabilities advance, effective tool use increasingly involves multi-step, multi-turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Heming Xia , Yongqi Li , Cunxiao Du , Mingbo Song , Wenjie Li

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) for tool planning has emerged as a promising avenue for developing general AI systems, where LLMs automatically schedule external tools (e.g., vision models) to tackle complex tasks based on task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Duo Wu , Jinghe Wang , Yuan Meng , Yanning Zhang , Le Sun , Zhi Wang

The scaling of Large Language Model (LLM) services faces significant cost and latency challenges, making effective caching under tight capacity crucial. Existing cache replacement policies, from heuristics to learning-based methods,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yuchong Wu , Zihuan Xu , Wangze Ni , Peng Cheng , Lei Chen , Xuemin Lin , Heng Tao Shen , Kui Ren

This report investigates enhancing semantic caching effectiveness by employing specialized, fine-tuned embedding models. Semantic caching relies on embedding similarity rather than exact key matching, presenting unique challenges in…

Agentic workflows are composed of sequences of interdependent Large Language Model (LLM) calls, and they have become a dominant workload in modern AI systems. These workflows exhibit extensive redundancy from overlapping prompts and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Noppanat Wadlom , Junyi Shen , Yao Lu

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has created demand for faster responses and lower costs. Semantic caching, reusing semantically similar requests via their embeddings, addresses this need but breaks classic cache…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Dvir David Biton , Roy Friedman

Large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge and question-answering capabilities, having been widely deployed in privacy-sensitive domains like finance and medical consultation. During LLM inferences, cache-sharing methods are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xinyao Zheng , Husheng Han , Shangyi Shi , Qiyan Fang , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo

Embodied AI agents increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) for planning, yet per-step LLM calls impose severe latency and cost. In this paper, we show that embodied tasks exhibit strong plan locality, where the next plan is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hojoon Kim , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at tool calling, deploying these capabilities in regulated enterprise environments such as fintech presents unique challenges due to on-premises constraints, regulatory compliance requirements, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Richard Osuagwu , Thomas Cook , Maraim Masoud , Koustav Ghosal , Riccardo Mattivi

Tool learning aims to extend the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) with external tools. A major challenge in tool learning is how to support a large number of tools, including unseen tools. To address this challenge, previous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Yuanhang Zheng , Peng Li , Wei Liu , Yang Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel across a variety of language tasks yet are constrained by limited input lengths and high computational costs. Existing approaches\textemdash such as relative positional encodings (e.g., RoPE, ALiBi) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Kun-Hui Lee , Eunhwan Park , Donghoon Han , Seung-Hoon Na

Large Language Models(LLMs) have had a profound impact on AI applications, particularly in the domains of long-text comprehension and generation. KV Cache technology is one of the most widely used techniques in the industry. It ensures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Qiaozhi He , Zhihua Wu

Large language model (LLM) based agentic workflows have become a popular paradigm for coordinating multiple specialized agents to solve complex tasks. To improve serving efficiency, existing LLM systems employ prefix caching to reuse…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zaifeng Pan , Ajjkumar Patel , Zhengding Hu , Yipeng Shen , Yue Guan , Wan-Lu Li , Lianhui Qin , Yida Wang , Yufei Ding

Tool learning aims to enhance and expand large language models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools, which has gained significant attention recently. Current methods have shown that LLMs can effectively handle a certain amount of tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Wenjie Li

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly use external tools for complex tasks and rely on embedding-based retrieval to select a small top-k subset for reasoning. As these systems scale, the robustness of this retrieval stage is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hussein Jawad , Nicolas J-B Brunel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across edge and cloud platforms for real-time question-answering and retrieval-augmented generation. However, processing lengthy contexts in distributed systems incurs high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Camille Couturier , Spyros Mastorakis , Haiying Shen , Saravan Rajmohan , Victor Rühle